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Mold is a dangerous library pest because of the damage it causes to the collections. Mold thrives off of paper and books; these objects provide the fungi a source of nutrition, namely the sugar and starches present in the cellulose materials. [6] Mold feeds on cloth, leather, glues, adhesives, cellulose starch and starches in the sizing.
A photo of sewage fungus found in the River Crane (London, England) Sewage fungus [1] (also known as undesirable river biofilms, URBs) is a polymicrobial biofilm (a microbial mat) that proliferates in saprobic rivers [2] and has been frequently used as a bioindicator [3] [4] of organic river pollution for the past century. [5]
Saprophytic bacteria and fungi can convert organic matter into living cell mass, carbon dioxide, water and a range of metabolic by-products. These saprophytic organisms may then be predated upon by protozoa , rotifers and, in cleaner waters, Bryozoa which consume suspended organic particles including viruses and pathogenic bacteria.
Aspergillus penicillioides is a species of fungus in the genus Aspergillus, and is among the most xerophilic fungi. [1]Aspergillus penicillioides is typically found in indoor air, house dust, and on substrates with low water activity, such as dried food, papers affected by foxing, and inorganic objects such as binocular lenses. [2]
Mold exposures have a variety of health effects depending on the person. Some people are more sensitive to mold than others. Exposure to mold can cause several health issues such as; throat irritation, nasal stuffiness, eye irritation, cough, and wheezing, as well as skin irritation in some cases.
Daniele Del Nero, for example, constructs scale models of houses and office buildings and then induces mold to grow on them, giving them an unsettling, reclaimed-by-nature look. [36] Stacy Levy sandblasts enlarged images of mold onto glass, then allows mold to grow in the crevasses she has made, creating a macro-micro portrait. [37]
The oomycetes are also often referred to as water molds (or water moulds), although the water-preferring nature which led to that name is not true of most species, which are terrestrial pathogens. Oomycetes were originally grouped with fungi due to similarities in morphology and lifestyle.
An ability to tolerate minimal aeration and high osmotic pressure [10] enables P. boydii to grow on soil, polluted and stagnant water and manure. [11] Although this fungus is commonly found in temperate climates, it is thermotolerant and can survive in tropical climates and in environments with low oxygen pressure. [10]