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End-Jurassic (Tithonian) 145 Ma. No longer regarded as a major extinction but rather a series of lesser events due to bolide impacts, eruptions of flood basalts, climate change and disruptions to oceanic systems [16] Pliensbachian-Toarcian extinction (Toarcian turnover) 186-178 Ma.
Since the Cambrian explosion, five further major mass extinctions have significantly exceeded the background extinction rate. The most recent and best-known, the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event , which occurred approximately 66 Ma (million years ago), was a large-scale mass extinction of animal and plant species in a geologically short ...
The Late Ordovician mass extinction (LOME), sometimes known as the end-Ordovician mass extinction or the Ordovician-Silurian extinction, is the first of the "big five" major mass extinction events in Earth's history, occurring roughly 445 million years ago (Ma). [1] It is often considered to be the second-largest known extinction event just ...
The Triassic–Jurassic (Tr-J) extinction event (TJME), often called the end-Triassic extinction, was a Mesozoic extinction event that marks the boundary between the Triassic and Jurassic periods, 201.4 million years ago, and is one of the top five major extinction events of the Phanerozoic eon, [ 1 ] profoundly affecting life on land and in ...
The Late Pleistocene to the beginning of the Holocene saw the extinction of the majority of the world's megafauna (typically defined as animal species having body masses over 44 kilograms (97 lb)), [ 1 ] which resulted in a collapse in faunal density and diversity across the globe. [ 2 ]
e. Extinction is the termination of a taxon by the death of its last member. A taxon may become functionally extinct before the death of its last member if it loses the capacity to reproduce and recover. Because a species' potential range may be very large, determining this moment is difficult, and is usually done retrospectively.
In the past 500 million years there have been five generally accepted major mass extinctions that on average extinguished half of all species. [41] One of the largest mass extinctions to have affected life on Earth was the Permian-Triassic , which ended the Permian period 250 million years ago and killed off 90 percent of all species; [ 42 ...
The Late Devonian extinction consisted of several extinction events in the Late Devonian Epoch, which collectively represent one of the five largest mass extinction events in the history of life on Earth. The term primarily refers to a major extinction, the Kellwasser event, also known as the Frasnian-Famennian extinction, [ 1 ] which occurred ...