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Catechol (/ ˈ k æ t ɪ tʃ ɒ l / or / ˈ k æ t ɪ k ɒ l /), also known as pyrocatechol or 1,2-dihydroxybenzene, is an organic compound with the molecular formula C 6 H 4 (OH) 2. It is the ortho isomer of the three isomeric benzenediols .
There are three structural isomers: 1,2-dihydroxybenzene (the ortho isomer) is commonly known as catechol, 1,3-dihydroxybenzene (the meta isomer) is commonly known as resorcinol, and 1,4-dihydroxybenzene (the para isomer) is commonly known as hydroquinone. [1]
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Neluxicapone (INN Tooltip International Nonproprietary Name) is a catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT) inhibitor which has not been marketed as of 2024. [1] [2] [3] The drug is a nitrocatechol and is structurally related to other catechol COMT inhibitors like entacapone, tolcapone, and nebicapone.
Their investigation constitutes a major chapter in the history of physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology. Adrenaline was the first hormone extracted from an endocrine gland and obtained in pure form, before the word hormone was coined. [2] Adrenaline was also the first hormone whose structure and biosynthesis was discovered.
It has been demonstrated that plants are able to use the hydroxamate-type siderophores ferrichrome, rhodotorulic acid and ferrioxamine B; the catechol-type siderophores, agrobactin; and the mixed ligand catechol-hydroxamate-hydroxy acid siderophores biosynthesized by saprophytic root-colonizing bacteria. All of these compounds are produced by ...
Piperonal can be prepared by the oxidative cleavage of isosafrole or by using a multistep sequence from catechol or 1,2-methylenedioxybenzene.Synthesis from the latter chemical is accomplished through a condensation reaction with glyoxylic acid followed by cleaving the resulting α-hydroxy acid with an oxidizing agent.
In humans, catechol-O-methyltransferase protein is encoded by the COMT gene. [8] Two isoforms of COMT are produced: the soluble short form (S-COMT) and the membrane bound long form (MB-COMT). As the regulation of catecholamines is impaired in a number of medical conditions, several pharmaceutical drugs target COMT to alter its activity and ...