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  2. List of antibiotics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_antibiotics

    Infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria, such as Escherichia coli and Klebsiella particularly Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Effective against aerobic bacteria (not obligate/facultative anaerobes) and tularemia. All aminoglycosides are ineffective when taken orally as the stomach will digest the drug before it goes into the bloodstream.

  3. Colistin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colistin

    Colistin-resistant E. coli was identified in the United States in May 2016. [44] A recent review from 2016 to 2021 fount that E. coli is the dominant species harbouring mcr genes. Plasmid - mediated colistin resistance is also conferred upon other species that carry different genes resistant to antibiotics.

  4. Mecillinam - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mecillinam

    Mecillinam or amdinocillin is an extended-spectrum penicillin antibiotic of the amidinopenicillin class that binds specifically to penicillin binding protein 2 (PBP2), [2] and is only considered to be active against Gram-negative bacteria.

  5. Tigecycline - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tigecycline

    Minocycline was a commonly used tetracycline synthesized in Lederle Laboratories in 1970, but antibiotic resistance to the drug began growing in prevalence throughout the 70's and 80's. [30] [31] While the problem of antibiotic resistance was known to scientists during the 1980s, apathy led to little federal attention given to the emerging ...

  6. Pathogenic Escherichia coli - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathogenic_Escherichia_coli

    E. coli bacteria often carry multiple drug resistance plasmids, and under stress, readily transfer those plasmids to other species. Mixing of species in the intestines allows E. coli to accept and transfer plasmids from and to other bacteria. Thus, E. coli and the other enterobacteria are important reservoirs of transferable antibiotic ...

  7. Colicin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colicin

    In his 1969 Nobel Laureate speech, Salvador E. Luria speculated that colicins could only be this toxic by causing a domino effect that destabilized the cell membrane. [9] He was not entirely correct, but pore-forming colicins do depolarize the membrane and thus eliminate the energy source for the cell. The colicins are highly effective toxins.

  8. Antibiotic sensitivity testing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antibiotic_sensitivity_testing

    In clinical medicine, antibiotics are most frequently prescribed on the basis of a person's symptoms and medical guidelines.This method of antibiotic selection is called empiric therapy, [1] and it is based on knowledge about what bacteria cause an infection, and to what antibiotics bacteria may be sensitive or resistant. [1]

  9. Ciprofloxacin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciprofloxacin

    Dose adjustment is required in the elderly and in those with renal impairment. [3] Ciprofloxacin is weakly bound to serum proteins (20–40%). It is an inhibitor of the drug-metabolizing enzyme cytochrome P450 1A2, which leads to the potential for clinically important drug interactions with drugs metabolized by that enzyme. [5]

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