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Illyrian tribes in the 1st–2nd centuries AD. The Illyrians (Ancient Greek: Ἰλλυριοί, Illyrioi; Latin: Illyrii) were a group of Indo-European-speaking people who inhabited the western Balkan Peninsula in ancient times. They constituted one of the three main Paleo-Balkan populations, along with the Thracians and Greeks.
Irwin L. Merker considers that the language spoken by the Paeonians was closely related to Greek (and ancient Macedonian if it was a distinct language from ancient Greek), a Hellenic language with "a great deal of Illyrian and Thracian influence as a result of this proximity". [4]
Illyrian tribes in the 7th–4th centuries BCE. This is a list of ancient tribes in the ancient territory of Illyria (Ancient Greek: Ἰλλυρία; Latin: Illyria).The name Illyrians seems to be the name of a single Illyrian tribe that was the first to come into contact with the ancient Greeks, causing the name Illyrians to be applied to all people of similar language and customs. [1]
In classical and late antiquity, Illyria (/ ɪ ˈ l ɪər i ə /; Ancient Greek: Ἰλλυρία, Illyría or Ἰλλυρίς, Illyrís; [1] [2] Latin: Illyria, [3] Illyricum) [4] was a region in the western part of the Balkan Peninsula inhabited by numerous tribes of people collectively known as the Illyrians.
The most powerful Illyrian states of the area, the Ardiaean kingdom, emerged in the 3rd century BC during the rule of Agron and Teuta. The Illyrians came into conflict with Roman Republic and were defeated in the Illyrian Wars, which were followed by many revolts. The largest and last of them was the Great Illyrian Revolt (6-9 BC).
Illyrian deities were mentioned in inscriptions on statues, monuments, and coins of the Roman period, and some interpreted by Ancient writers through comparative religion. [14] [15] There appears to be no single most prominent god for all the Illyrian tribes, and a number of deities evidently appear only in specific regions. [14]
335 BC. First part of the Illyrian Revolt ends in failure with the defeat of Pleurias; 323 BC. Cynane, an Illyrian herself leads a Macedonian army to victory over the Illyrians; 317 BC. Glaucias enters in league with the Greek colonies while Cassander is at a low ebb; 312 BC.
Regardless of the number of the alternately ruling dynasties, of their tribal affiliation, and of the actual extension of their kingdom, it represented an alliance of Illyrian tribes that united under the rulership of a single leader, expressly referred to as "King of the Illyrians" in ancient historical records (whether in Ancient Greek or in ...