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  2. Bunion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bunion

    The hallux valgus angle (HVA) is the angle between the long axes of the proximal phalanx and the first metatarsal bone of the big toe. It is considered abnormal if greater than 15–18°. [11] The following HV angles can also be used to grade the severity of hallux valgus: [12] [unreliable medical source?] Mild: 15–20° Moderate: 21–39 ...

  3. Valgus deformity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valgus_deformity

    A chihuahua with a valgus deformity in the left forelimb. Valgus is a term for outward angulation of the distal segment of a bone or joint. The opposite condition is called varus, which is a medial deviation of the distal bone. The terms "varus" and "valgus" always refer to the direction in which the distal segment of the joint points.

  4. Syndesmosis procedure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syndesmosis_procedure

    Bunion (hallux valgus) deformity is actually part of a complex of anatomical derangements of protruding mass (bunion), buckling of big toe (hallux valgus) and the bone behind it (metatarsus primus varus), displaced sesamoid bones (detrimental to the important walking function of big toe), collapsed metatarsal arch and several other secondary changes that are the domino effects of metatarsal ...

  5. Akin osteotomy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akin_osteotomy

    Akin osteotomy is a surgical procedure often used in the treatment of hallux valgus deformity, more commonly known as a bunion. [1] A bunion is a bony bump that forms on the joint at the base of the big toe, often resulting in the toe pointing abnormally toward the second toe.

  6. Varus deformity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varus_deformity

    A varus deformity is an excessive inward angulation (medial angulation, that is, towards the body's midline) of the distal segment of a bone or joint. The opposite of varus is called valgus. The terms varus and valgus always refer to the direction that the distal segment of the joint points.

  7. Forefoot - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forefoot

    The forefoot is the anterior aspect of the foot, composed of the five metatarsal bones, the fourteen phalanges and associated soft tissue structures. [1] [2] It is a common site of pathology in podiatry, and is the anatomic region involved in such conditions as hallux valgus, hallux rigidus, and Morton's neuroma, among others. [3]

  8. Osteotomy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osteotomy

    Valgus osteotomy. The black line is the mechanical axis. Knee osteotomy is commonly used to realign arthritic damage on one side of the knee. The goal is to shift the patient's body weight off the damaged area to the other side of the knee, where the cartilage is still healthy.

  9. Hallux varus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hallux_varus

    Hallux varus is a clinical condition characterized by medial deviation of the great toe at the metatarsophalangeal joint. [ 2 ] This condition, when acquired by adults, is usually caused by sports injury, surgical overcorrection of hallux valgus , or underlying causes such as arthritides .

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