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free Kt/V calculators, single pool and equilibrated HD, PD, no login needed, site used by dozens of dialysis centers around the world for over 10 years – kt-v.net Web/javascript program that does formal 2-pool urea kinetics in multiple patients – ureakinetics.org
Standardized Kt/V, also std Kt/V, is a way of measuring dialysis adequacy. It was developed by Frank Gotch and is used in the United States to measure dialysis. Despite the name, it is quite different from Kt/V. In theory, both peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis can be quantified with std Kt/V.
Kt/V: Kt/V: medicine (hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis treatment; dimensionless time) Waist–hip ratio: waist circumference divided by hip circumference: biology Waist-to-chest ratio: waist circumference divided by chest circumference: biology Waist-to-height ratio: waist circumference divided by height: biology
A more accurate relationship between URR and Kt/V can be derived by single-pool, variable volume urea kinetic modeling. A simplified estimating equation also can be used. [ 2 ] This gives results that are quite similar to formal urea modeling as long as dialysis treatments of 2–6 hours in duration are given, and Kt/V is between 0.7 and 2.0.
The heavy green line shows the relation when UF/W - 0.03. So in practice, because of urea generation and UF/W, a 63% URR (0.63) results in a Kt/V of about 1.15 instead of only 1.0 (see graph). KDOQI hemodialysis adequacy standards are written in terms of either Kt/V or URR, with Kt/V being the preferred choices. But a patient may meet one ...
Diagram showing the basic physiologic mechanisms of the kidney. The renal clearance ratio or fractional excretion is a relative measure of the speed at which a constituent of urine passes through the kidneys.
Now, if this motor is fed with current of 2 A and assuming that back-EMF is exactly 2 V, it is rotating at 7200 rpm and the mechanical power is 4 W, and the force on rotor is = N or 0.0053 N. The torque on shaft is 0.0053 N⋅m at 2 A because of the assumed radius of the rotor (exactly 1 m).
The Knudsen number is a dimensionless number defined as =, where = mean free path [L 1], = representative physical length scale [L 1].. The representative length scale considered, , may correspond to various physical traits of a system, but most commonly relates to a gap length over which thermal transport or mass transport occurs through a gas phase.