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  2. Process identifier - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Process_identifier

    In computing, the process identifier (a.k.a. process ID or PID) is a number used by most operating system kernels—such as those of Unix, macOS and Windows—to uniquely identify an active process. This number may be used as a parameter in various function calls, allowing processes to be manipulated, such as adjusting the process's priority or ...

  3. ps (Unix) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ps_(Unix)

    PID: Process ID number PPID: ID number of the process's parent process PRI: Priority of the process RSS: Resident set size: S or STAT: Process status code START or STIME: Time when the process started VSZ: Virtual memory usage TIME: The amount of CPU time used by the process TT or TTY: Terminal associated with the process UID or USER: Username ...

  4. systemd - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systemd

    systemd tracks processes using the Linux kernel's cgroups subsystem instead of using process identifiers (PIDs); thus, daemons cannot "escape" systemd, not even by double-forking. systemd not only uses cgroups, but also augments them with systemd-nspawn and machinectl , two utility programs that facilitate the creation and management of Linux ...

  5. pstree - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pstree

    pstree is a Linux command that shows the running processes as a tree [1] [2] [3]. It is used as a more visual alternative to the ps command. The root of the tree is either init or the process with the given pid. It can also be installed in other Unix systems. In BSD systems, a similar output is created using ps -d, in Linux ps axjf [4] produces ...

  6. kill (command) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kill_(command)

    In Unix and Unix-like operating systems, kill is a command used to send a signal to a process. By default, the message sent is the termination signal, which requests that the process exit. But kill is something of a misnomer; the signal sent may have nothing to do with

  7. SystemTap - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SystemTap

    SystemTap debuted in 2005 in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4 Update 2 as a technology preview. [2]After four years in development, SystemTap 1.0 was released in 2009. [3]As of 2011, SystemTap runs fully supported in all Linux distributions including RHEL / CentOS 5 [4] since update 2, SLES 10, [5] Fedora, Debian and Ubuntu.

  8. Zombie process - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zombie_process

    After the zombie is removed, its process identifier (PID) and entry in the process table can then be reused. However, if a parent fails to call wait, the zombie will be left in the process table, causing a resource leak. In some situations this may be desirable – the parent process wishes to continue holding this resource – for example if ...

  9. Booting process of Linux - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Booting_process_of_Linux

    The startup function startup_32() for the kernel (also called the swapper or process 0) establishes memory management (paging tables and memory paging), detects the type of CPU and any additional functionality such as floating point capabilities, and then switches to non-architecture specific Linux kernel functionality via a call to start ...