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String functions common to many languages are listed below, including the different names used. The below list of common functions aims to help programmers find the equivalent function in a language. Note, string concatenation and regular expressions are handled in separate pages.
COBOL uses the STRING statement to concatenate string variables. MATLAB and Octave use the syntax "[x y]" to concatenate x and y. Visual Basic and Visual Basic .NET can also use the "+" sign but at the risk of ambiguity if a string representing a number and a number are together. Microsoft Excel allows both "&" and the function "=CONCATENATE(X,Y)".
The strings over an alphabet, with the concatenation operation, form an associative algebraic structure with identity element the null string—a free monoid. Sets of strings with concatenation and alternation form a semiring, with concatenation (*) distributing over alternation (+); 0 is the empty set and 1 the set consisting of just the null ...
However, removing the feature breaks backwards compatibility, and replacing it with a concatenation operator introduces issues of precedence – string literal concatenation occurs during lexing, prior to operator evaluation, but concatenation via an explicit operator occurs at the same time as other operators, hence precedence is an issue ...
If is a set of strings, then is defined as the smallest superset of that contains the empty string and is closed under the string concatenation operation. If V {\\displaystyle V} is a set of symbols or characters, then V ∗ {\\displaystyle V^{*}} is the set of all strings over symbols in V {\\displaystyle V} , including the empty string ε ...
String homomorphisms are monoid morphisms on the free monoid, preserving the empty string and the binary operation of string concatenation. Given a language , the set () is called the homomorphic image of . The inverse homomorphic image of a string is defined as
String concatenation is an associative, but non-commutative operation. The empty string ε serves as the identity element; for any string s, ...
In the fourth and fifth cases, list concatenation must be invoked. In the last case, string concatenation must be invoked. Thus, the name + actually refers to three or four completely different functions. This is an example of overloading or more specifically, operator overloading. Note the ambiguity in the string types used in the last case.