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Classically, "water of crystallization" refers to water that is found in the crystalline framework of a metal complex or a salt, which is not directly bonded to the metal cation. Upon crystallization from water, or water-containing solvents , many compounds incorporate water molecules in their crystalline frameworks.
Another example is chloral hydrate, CCl 3 −CH(OH) 2, which can be formed by reaction of water with chloral, CCl 3 −CH=O. Many organic molecules, as well as inorganic molecules, form crystals that incorporate water into the crystalline structure without chemical alteration of the organic molecule (water of crystallization).
Some mineral structures, for example, montmorillonite, are capable of including a variable amount of water without significant change to the mineral structure. [citation needed] Hydration is the mechanism by which hydraulic binders such as Portland cement develop strength. A hydraulic binder is a material that can set and harden submerged in ...
"Nickel dichloride hexahydrate" consists of the chloride complex trans-[NiCl 2 (H 2 O) 4 plus water of crystallization. As indicated in the table below, many hydrates of metal chlorides are molecular complexes. [78] [79] These compounds are often important commercial sources of transition metal chlorides. Several hydrated metal chlorides are ...
The pure solid crystals are then separated from the remaining liquor by filtration or centrifugation. Recrystallization : In analytical and synthetic chemistry work, purchased reagents of doubtful purity may be recrystallised, e.g. dissolved in a very pure solvent, and then crystallized, and the crystals recovered, in order to improve and/or ...
An evaporite (/ ɪ ˈ v æ p ə ˌ r aɪ t /) is a water-soluble sedimentary mineral deposit that results from concentration and crystallization by evaporation from an aqueous solution. [1] There are two types of evaporite deposits: marine, which can also be described as ocean deposits, and non-marine, which are found in standing bodies of ...
Snowflakes are a very well-known example, where subtle differences in crystal growth conditions result in different geometries. Crystallized honey. There are many examples of natural process that involve crystallization. Geological time scale process examples include: Natural (mineral) crystal formation (see also gemstone);
Cleavage (crystal) Close-packing of equal spheres; Cocrystal; Collaborative Computational Project Number 4; Convergent beam electron diffraction; Coordination sequence; Corundum (structure) Coupled substitution; Cryo bio-crystallography; Crystal chemistry; Crystal engineering; Crystal field excitation; Crystal cluster; Crystal growth; Crystal ...