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The commonly used method to diagnose LVH is echocardiography, with which the thickness of the muscle of the heart can be measured.The electrocardiogram (ECG) often shows signs of increased voltage from the heart in individuals with LVH, so this is often used as a screening test to determine who should undergo further testing.
Cardiomegaly can be classified by the main enlarged location of the heart, and/or by the structure of the enlargement. Specific subtypes include athletic heart syndrome, which is a non-pathological condition commonly seen in sports medicine in which the heart is enlarged, and the resting heart rate is lower than normal.
A P wave with increased amplitude can indicate hypokalemia. [3] It can also indicate right atrial enlargement. [4] A P wave with decreased amplitude can indicate hyperkalemia. [5] P-wave changes in left and right atrial hypertrophy. Bifid P waves (known as P mitrale) indicate left-atrial abnormality - e.g. dilatation [6] or hypertrophy. [1]
Electrocardiography (ECG/EKG in German vernacular. Elektrokardiogram) monitors electrical activity of the heart, primarily as recorded from the skin surface. A 12 lead recording, recording the electrical activity in three planes, anterior, posterior, and lateral is the most commonly used form.
Electrocardiography is the process of producing an electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG [a]), a recording of the heart's electrical activity through repeated cardiac cycles. [4] It is an electrogram of the heart which is a graph of voltage versus time of the electrical activity of the heart [ 5 ] using electrodes placed on the skin.
An Event Recorder can be worn on the body for up to 30 days. [6] A Mobile Cardiac Telemetry unit is a wearable monitor that detects, records, and transmits heart rhythms for up to 30 days. For long term use, an Insertable Cardiac Monitor is placed under the skin and automatically detects and records abnormal heart rhythms for up to 5 years. [7]
The ECG can detect sinus bradycardia, a resting heart rate of fewer than 60 beats per minute. This is often accompanied by sinus arrhythmia. The pulse of a person with athlete's heart can sometimes be irregular while at rest, but usually returns to normal after exercise begins. [12] [13] [14]
LAE is suggested by an electrocardiogram (ECG) that has a pronounced notch in the P wave. [7] However, if atrial fibrillation is present, a P wave would not be present. [8] In any case, LAE can be diagnosed and measured using an echocardiogram (ECHO) by measuring the left atrial volume (LAVI).
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