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According to the preamble, the constitution of India has been pursuance of the solemn resolution of the people of India to constitute India into a 'Sovereign Socialist Secular Democratic Republic', and to secure well-defined objects set forth in the preamble. Sovereignty denotes supreme and ultimate power.
The Court has also understood this language to mean that the sovereignty of the government under the U.S. Constitution is superior to that of the States. [52] Stated in negative terms, the Preamble has been interpreted as meaning that the Constitution was not the act of sovereign and independent states. [53]
The word is borrowed from Old French souverain, which is ultimately derived from the Latin superānus, meaning 'above'. The roles of a sovereign vary from monarch, ruler or head of state to head of municipal government or head of a chivalric order. As a result, the word sovereignty has more recently also come to mean independence or autonomy. [1]
The constitution declares India a sovereign, socialist, secular, [10] and democratic republic, assures its citizens justice, equality, and liberty, and endeavours to promote fraternity. [11] The original 1950 constitution is preserved in a helium -filled case at the Parliament Library Building in New Delhi .
A preamble (from Latin preambulum 'preliminary, preface') is an introductory and expressionary statement in a document that explains the document's purpose and underlying philosophy. When applied to the opening paragraphs of a statute, it may recite historical facts pertinent to the subject of the statute.
Constitutions also establish where sovereignty is located in the state. There are three basic types of distribution of sovereignty according to the degree of centralisation of power: unitary, federal, and confederal. The distinction is not absolute. In a unitary state, sovereignty resides in the state itself, and the constitution determines this.
Once the paperwork is in order, the Soverign’s “functions shall be performed in the name and on behalf of the Sovereign by a Regent.” Specifically, the Regent is the “next in the line of ...
The treatise is frequently viewed as the first European text theorizing state sovereignty. [24] Bodin rejected the notion of transference of sovereignty from people to the ruler (also known as the sovereign); natural law and divine law confer upon the sovereign the right to rule. And the sovereign is not above divine law or natural law.