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Gum arabic (gum acacia, gum sudani, Senegal gum and by other names [a]) is a tree gum exuded by two species of Acacia sensu lato, Senegalia senegal [2] and Vachellia seyal. However, the term "gum arabic" does not actually indicate a particular botanical source. [ 1 ]
The exudate gum of this tree is known as gum arabic and has been collected from the pharaonic times for the manufacture of medicines, dyes and paints. In the present commercial market, gum arabic is defined as the dried exudate from the trunks and branches of Senegalia (Acacia) senegal or Vachellia (Acacia) seyal in the family Leguminosae ...
Myrrh is harvested by repeatedly wounding the trees to bleed the gum, which is waxy and coagulates quickly. After the harvest, the gum becomes hard and glossy. The gum is yellowish and may be either clear or opaque. It darkens deeply as it ages, and white streaks emerge. [3] Myrrh gum is commonly harvested from trees of the genus Commiphara.
Vachellia seyal is, along with other Vachellias, an important source for gum arabic, a natural polysaccharide, that exudes from damaged stems and solidifies. [5] The gum of V. seyal is called gum talha, from Arabic طلح ṭalḥ, a term for any fruiting tree.
The gum is drained from cuts in the bark, and an individual tree will yield 200 to 300 grams (7 to 10 oz). Eighty percent of the world's gum arabic is produced in Sudan. [6] The Chauhatan area of Barmer district in Rajasthan is also famous for gum production, this is called कुम्मट [7] (Kummat) in local language there.
Humans have used natural gums for various purposes, including chewing and the manufacturing of a wide range of products – such as varnish and lacquerware.Before the invention of synthetic equivalents, trade in gum formed part of the economy in places such as the Arabian peninsula (whence the name "gum arabic"), West Africa, [3] East Africa and northern New Zealand ().
Asafoetida (/ æ s ə ˈ f ɛ t ɪ d ə /; also spelled asafetida) [1] is the dried latex (gum oleoresin) exuded from the rhizome or tap root of several species of Ferula, perennial herbs of the carrot family. It is produced in Iran, Afghanistan, Central Asia, northern India and Northwest China . Different regions have different botanical sources.
Octenyl succinic acid modified gum Arabic is known to the FAO as a food additive. [1] It has E number E423, and is a chemical modification of gum arabic. Synopsis