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  2. Light-emitting diode - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light-emitting_diode

    In an organic light-emitting diode , the electroluminescent material composing the emissive layer of the diode is an organic compound. The organic material is electrically conductive due to the delocalization of pi electrons caused by conjugation over all or part of the molecule, and the material therefore functions as an organic semiconductor ...

  3. Light-emitting diode physics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light-emitting_diode_physics

    Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) produce light (or infrared radiation) by the recombination of electrons and electron holes in a semiconductor, a process called "electroluminescence". The wavelength of the light produced depends on the energy band gap of the semiconductors used.

  4. Diode - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diode

    A common variant of a diode is a light-emitting diode, ... the voltage versus current characteristic curve of most diodes is not a straight line.

  5. LED circuit - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LED_circuit

    The voltage versus current characteristics of an LED is similar to any diode. Current is approximately an exponential function of voltage according to the Shockley diode equation, and a small voltage change may result in a large change in current. If the voltage is below or equal to the threshold no current flows and the result is an unlit LED.

  6. Photodiode - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photodiode

    A photodiode is often combined into a single component with an emitter of light, usually a light-emitting diode (LED), either to detect the presence of a mechanical obstruction to the beam (slotted optical switch) or to couple two digital or analog circuits while maintaining extremely high electrical isolation between them, often for safety ...

  7. Current–voltage characteristic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Current–voltage...

    Tunnel diodes and Gunn diodes are examples of components that have negative resistance. Hysteresis vs single-valued: Devices which have hysteresis; that is, in which the current–voltage relation depends not only on the present applied input but also on the past history of inputs, have I–V curves consisting of families of closed loops. Each ...

  8. Semiconductor device - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiconductor_device

    Exposing a semiconductor to light can generate electron–hole pairs, which increases the number of free carriers and thereby the conductivity. Diodes optimized to take advantage of this phenomenon are known as photodiodes. Compound semiconductor diodes can also produce light, as in light-emitting diodes and laser diode

  9. Shockley diode equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shockley_diode_equation

    Shockley derives an equation for the voltage across a p-n junction in a long article published in 1949. [2] Later he gives a corresponding equation for current as a function of voltage under additional assumptions, which is the equation we call the Shockley ideal diode equation. [3]

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