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A discrete dynamical system, discrete-time dynamical system is a tuple (T, M, Φ), where M is a manifold locally diffeomorphic to a Banach space, and Φ is a function. When T is taken to be the integers, it is a cascade or a map. If T is restricted to the non-negative integers we call the system a semi-cascade. [14]
From a physical point of view, continuous dynamical systems is a generalization of classical mechanics, a generalization where the equations of motion are postulated directly and are not constrained to be Euler–Lagrange equations of a least action principle. When difference equations are employed, the theory is called discrete dynamical systems.
In mathematics, symbolic dynamics is the study of dynamical systems defined on a discrete space consisting of infinite sequences of abstract symbols. The evolution of the dynamical system is defined as a simple shift of the sequence. Because of their explicit, discrete nature, such systems are often relatively easy to characterize and understand.
The concept of fixed points is of primary importance in discrete dynamical systems. Another graphical technique that can be used for one-variable mappings is the spider web projection. After determining an initial value x 0 {\displaystyle x_{0}} on the horizontal axis, draw a vertical line from the initial value x 0 {\displaystyle x_{0}} to the ...
In mathematics, the Hénon map, sometimes called Hénon–Pomeau attractor/map, [1] is a discrete-time dynamical system. It is one of the most studied examples of dynamical systems that exhibit chaotic behavior. The Hénon map takes a point (x n, y n) in the plane and maps it to a new point
Sharkovskii's theorem does not immediately apply to dynamical systems on other topological spaces. It is easy to find a circle map with periodic points of period 3 only: take a rotation by 120 degrees, for example. But some generalizations are possible, typically involving the mapping class group of the space minus a periodic orbit.
In the mathematical area of bifurcation theory a saddle-node bifurcation, tangential bifurcation or fold bifurcation is a local bifurcation in which two fixed points (or equilibria) of a dynamical system collide and annihilate each other. The term 'saddle-node bifurcation' is most often used in reference to continuous dynamical systems.
The discrete cat map describes the phase space flow corresponding to the discrete dynamics of a bead hopping from site q t (0 ≤ q t < N) to site q t+1 on a circular ring with circumference N, according to the second order equation: + + =