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These night terrors can occur each night if the individual does not eat a proper diet, get the appropriate amount or quality of sleep (e.g. sleep apnea), is enduring stressful events, or if they remain untreated. Adult night terrors are much less common, and often respond to treatments to rectify causes of poor quality or quantity of sleep.
Even if sleep-related violence may occur during an episode of confusional arousal, it remains extremely rare and there is no specific predisposition to aggression during these episodes. [ 8 ] Distinction between sleepwalking and night terrors
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"Paternity" is the second episode of the medical drama House, which was first broadcast on Fox on November 23, 2004. A teenage boy is struck on the head in a lacrosse game and is found to have hallucinations and night terrors that are not due to concussion.
Sleep-related hallucinations are brief episodes of dream-like imagery that can be of any sensory modality, i.e., auditory, visual, or tactile. [2] They are differentiated between hypnagogic hallucination, that occur at sleep onset, and hypnapompic hallucinations, which occur at the transition of sleep to awakening. [2]
Cataplexy is the first symptom to appear in about 10% of cases of narcolepsy, [2] caused by an autoimmune destruction of hypothalamic neurons that produce the neuropeptide hypocretin (also called orexin), which regulates arousal and has a role in stabilization of the transition between wake and sleep states. [3]
Sleepwalking may also accompany the related phenomenon of night terrors, especially in children. In the midst of a night terror, the affected person may wander in a distressed state while still asleep, and examples of sufferers attempting to run or aggressively defend themselves during these incidents have been reported in medical literature. [15]
Sleep-talking can occur by itself (i.e., idiopathic) or as a feature of another sleep disorder such as: Rapid eye movement behavior disorder (RBD) – loud, emotional or profane sleep talking; Sleepwalking; Night terrors – intense fear, screaming, shouting; Sleep-related eating disorder (SRED)