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In quantum computing, a qubit (/ ˈ k juː b ɪ t /) or quantum bit is a basic unit of quantum information—the quantum version of the classic binary bit physically realized with a two-state device. A qubit is a two-state (or two-level) quantum-mechanical system , one of the simplest quantum systems displaying the peculiarity of quantum mechanics.
A bistochastic quantum channel is a quantum channel () which is unital, [19] i.e. () =. These channels include unitary evolutions, convex combinations of unitaries, and (in dimensions larger than 2) other possibilities as well. [20]
Common quantum logic gates by name (including abbreviation), circuit form(s) and the corresponding unitary matrices. In quantum computing and specifically the quantum circuit model of computation, a quantum logic gate (or simply quantum gate) is a basic quantum circuit operating on a small number of qubits.
A logical qubit specifies how a single qubit should behave in a quantum algorithm, subject to quantum logic operations which can be built out of quantum logic gates. However, issues in current technologies preclude single two-state quantum systems , which can be used as physical qubits, from reliably encoding and retaining this information for ...
The building blocks of quantum computers, called "qubits", while being fast, are error-prone, making it hard to ensure quantum computers are reliable and commercial Google parent Alphabet jumps on ...
An n-qubit (reversible) quantum gate is a unitary mapping U from the space H QB(n) of n-qubit registers onto itself. Typically, we are only interested in gates for small values of n . A reversible n -bit classical logic gate gives rise to a reversible n -bit quantum gate as follows: to each reversible n -bit logic gate f corresponds a quantum ...
In the theory of quantum communication, an amplitude damping channel is a quantum channel that models physical processes such as spontaneous emission.A natural process by which this channel can occur is a spin chain through which a number of spin states, coupled by a time independent Hamiltonian, can be used to send a quantum state from one location to another.
from ket import * a, b = quant (2) # Allocate two quantum bits H (a) # Put qubit `a` in a superposition cnot (a, b) # Entangle the two qubits in the Bell state m_a = measure (a) # Measure qubit `a`, collapsing qubit `b` as well m_b = measure (b) # Measure qubit `b` # Assert that the measurement of both qubits will always be equal assert m_a ...