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Diphenhydramine is a potent anticholinergic agent and potential deliriant in higher doses. This activity is responsible for the side effects of dry mouth and throat, increased heart rate, pupil dilation, urinary retention, constipation, and, at high doses, hallucinations or delirium.
Long-term use may increase the risk of both cognitive and physical decline. [14] [15] It is unclear whether they affect the risk of death generally. [14] However, in older adults they do appear to increase the risk of death. [16] Possible effects of anticholinergics include:
Organs that receive innervations from these systems include exocrine glands, heart, eyes, gastrointestinal tract etc. Antimuscarinic and antinicotinic agents can increase heart rate, inhibit secretions, and gastrointestinal motility. [1] [2] Naturally occurring antimuscarinics were found in alkaloids from Belladonna (Solanaceae) plants. They ...
Although it’s normal for the heart rate to increase due to physical activity or stress, a resting heart rate that’s consistently higher or lower than usual may be a sign of heart problems or ...
However, oftentimes lower heart rates can be totally normal, and a well-trained athlete can have a normal heart rate in the 50s or as low as 40 without any cause for concern, he notes.
Drugs with muscarinic antagonist activity are widely used in medicine, in the treatment of low heart rate, overactive bladder, respiratory problems such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and neurological problems such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease.
So, your heart health has more to do with the conditioning of the heart muscle than the actual heart rate itself, Dr. Weinberg explains. How long does it take to lower your resting heart rate?
Topical atropine is used as a cycloplegic, to temporarily paralyze the accommodation reflex, and as a mydriatic, to dilate the pupils. [15] Atropine degrades slowly, typically wearing off in 7 to 14 days, so it is generally used as a therapeutic mydriatic, whereas tropicamide (a shorter-acting cholinergic antagonist) or phenylephrine (an α-adrenergic agonist) is preferred as an aid to ...