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The decibel originates from methods used to quantify signal loss in telegraph and telephone circuits. Until the mid-1920s, the unit for loss was miles of standard cable (MSC). 1 MSC corresponded to the loss of power over one mile (approximately 1.6 km) of standard telephone cable at a frequency of 5000 radians per second (795.8 Hz), and matched closely the smallest attenuation detectable to a ...
A ratio higher than 1:1 (greater than 0 dB) indicates more signal than noise. SNR is an important parameter that affects the performance and quality of systems that process or transmit signals, such as communication systems, audio systems, radar systems, imaging systems, and data acquisition systems. A high SNR means that the signal is clear ...
Vinyl microgroove phonograph records typically yield 55-65 dB, though the first play of the higher-fidelity outer rings can achieve a dynamic range of 70 dB. [25] German magnetic tape in 1941 was reported to have had a dynamic range of 60 dB, [26] though modern-day restoration experts of such tapes note 45-50 dB as the observed dynamic range. [27]
or approximately 6 dB per bit. For example, for =8 bits, =256 levels and SQNR = 8×6 = 48 dB; and for =16 bits, =65536 and SQNR = 16×6 = 96 dB. The property of 6 dB improvement in SQNR for each extra bit used in quantization is a well-known figure of merit.
The noise figure is the difference in decibel (dB) between the noise output of the actual receiver to the noise output of an "ideal" receiver with the same overall gain and bandwidth when the receivers are connected to matched sources at the standard noise temperature T 0 (usually 290 K).
A signal is applied to the input such that the output increases by 12 dB. The level of the signal needed to produce this is noted. In this case, it was found to be 0.25 microvolts. According to the radio designer, intelligible speech can be detected 12 dB above the receiver's noise floor (noise and distortion).
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Sound exposure level (SEL) is a logarithmic measure of the sound exposure of a sound relative to a reference value. Sound exposure level, denoted L E and measured in dB, is defined by [1]