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However, unlike the Plummer and Wolff-Chaikoff effects, the Jod-Basedow effect does not occur in persons with normal thyroid glands, as thyroid hormone synthesis and release in normal persons is controlled by pituitary TSH secretion, which does not allow hyperthyroidism when extra iodine is ingested. [citation needed]
Wrong timing of iodine use may even increase the risk by triggering the Plummer effect. [ 10 ] The Plummer effect is, however, helpful in the management of thyrotoxicosis, where the usage of Lugol’s solution helps to limit the release of thyroid hormones into the bloodstream.
[1] [7] Other causes include multinodular goiter, toxic adenoma, inflammation of the thyroid, eating too much iodine, and too much synthetic thyroid hormone. [1] [2] A less common cause is a pituitary adenoma. [1] The diagnosis may be suspected based on signs and symptoms and then confirmed with blood tests. [1]
Certain medications can have the unintended side effect of affecting thyroid function. While some medications can lead to significant hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism and those at risk will need to be carefully monitored, some medications may affect thyroid hormone lab tests without causing any symptoms or clinical changes, and may not require treatment.
Side effects of the antithyroid medications include a potentially fatal reduction in the level of white blood cells. Therapy with radioiodine is the most common treatment in the United States, while antithyroid drugs and/or thyroidectomy are used more often in Europe, Japan, and most of the rest of the world.
Iodine plays a role in thyroid production, and excess iodine levels within the body can result in overproduction of thyroid hormone. Initially, the thyroid reacts according to the auto-regulatory Wolff-Chaikoff effect to prevent an excess of thyroid hormone production. [5] Usually, the thyroid normalizes within 24-48 hours.
Excessive iodine intake is a well-established environmental factor for triggering thyroid autoimmunity. Thyroid autoantibodies are found to be more prevalent in geographical areas with a higher dietary iodine levels. Several mechanisms by which iodine may promote thyroid autoimmunity have been proposed.
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 22 December 2024. This article is about the chemical element. For other uses, see Iodine (disambiguation). Chemical element with atomic number 53 (I) Iodine, 53 I Iodine Pronunciation / ˈ aɪ ə d aɪ n, - d ɪ n, - d iː n / (EYE -ə-dyne, -din, -deen) Appearance lustrous metallic gray solid ...