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A function (which in mathematics is generally defined as mapping the elements of one set A to elements of another B) is called "A onto B" (instead of "A to B" or "A into B") only if it is surjective; it may even be said that "f is onto" (i. e. surjective). Not translatable (without circumlocutions) to some languages other than English.
The ground sample distance (GSD) of an image, the pixel spacing on the Earth's surface, is typically considerably smaller than the resolvable spot size. In astronomy , one often measures spatial resolution in data points per arcsecond subtended at the point of observation, because the physical distance between objects in the image depends on ...
For example, if x is a variable, then a change in the value of x is often denoted Δx (pronounced delta x). The differential dx represents an infinitely small change in the variable x. The idea of an infinitely small or infinitely slow change is, intuitively, extremely useful, and there are a number of ways to make the notion mathematically ...
Mathematics is a broad subject that is commonly divided in many areas or branches that may be defined by their objects of study, by the used methods, or by both. For example, analytic number theory is a subarea of number theory devoted to the use of methods of analysis for the study of natural numbers. This glossary is alphabetically sorted.
1. The difference of two sets: x~y is the set of elements of x not in y. 2. An equivalence relation \ The difference of two sets: x\y is the set of elements of x not in y. − The difference of two sets: x−y is the set of elements of x not in y. ≈ Has the same cardinality as × A product of sets / A quotient of a set by an equivalence ...
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The absolute difference is used to define other quantities including the relative difference, the L 1 norm used in taxicab geometry, and graceful labelings in graph theory. When it is desirable to avoid the absolute value function – for example because it is expensive to compute, or because its derivative is not continuous – it can ...
In Mathematics, a structure on a set (or on some sets) refers to providing it (or them) with certain additional features (e.g. an operation, relation, metric, or topology). Τhe additional features are attached or related to the set (or to the sets), so as to provide it (or them) with some additional meaning or significance.