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A "Scotch" marine boiler (or simply Scotch boiler) is a design of steam boiler best known for its use on ships. Sectional diagram of a "wet back" boiler. The general layout is that of a squat horizontal cylinder. One or more large cylindrical furnaces are in the lower part of the boiler shell. Above this are many small-diameter fire-tubes ...
Modern industrial boilers use fans to provide forced or induced draughting of the boiler. Another major advance in the Rocket was large numbers of small-diameter firetubes (a multi-tubular boiler) instead of a single large flue. This greatly increased the surface area for heat transfer, allowing steam to be produced at a much higher rate.
Heat exchangers can be used for a wide variety of uses. As the name implies, these can be used for heating as well as cooling. The two primary types of marine heat exchangers used aboard vessels in the maritime industry are plate, and shell and tube. Maintenance for heat exchangers prevents fouling and galvanic corrosion from dissimilar metals.
Clarke Chapman boilers are made in both 'dry back' (as for the Cochran) and 'wet back' forms. [9] The wet back or "Victoria" [10] (illustrated) has the combustion chamber entirely surrounded by water. This increases the heating surface and reduces lost heat, but it also makes the boiler more complex to manufacture and makes tube cleaning more ...
Fire-tube boilers usually have a comparatively low rate of steam production, but high steam storage capacity. Fire-tube boilers mostly burn solid fuels, but are readily adaptable to those of the liquid or gas variety. Fire-tube boilers may also be referred to as "scotch-marine" or "marine" type boilers. [7] Diagram of a water-tube boiler.
The 'D-type' is the most common type of small- to medium-sized boilers, similar to the one shown in the schematic diagram. It is used in both stationary and marine applications. It consists of a large steam drum vertically connected to a smaller water drum (a.k.a. "mud drum") via multiple steam-generating tubes.
Some steam cars, including the Stanley and the Chelmsford, [7] used multi-tube vertical boilers, the Stanley design [8] being particularly well-known. The Stanley boiler is constructed of a seamless copper tube shell, 13 + 1 ⁄ 2 inches (340 mm) in diameter and 1 ⁄ 16 inch (1.6 mm) thick.
A typical generator uses inlet steam supplied at 600 psi to produce around 10,000 lb/hour at around 120 psi. [2] It is constructed as a cylindrical steel pressure vessel, either horizontal or vertical, containing a series of heating coils.