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A Levite reading the Law to the Israelites. The Rambam famously rules that members of the tribe of Levi do not fight in the army. [3]Roots of Christian pacifism can be found in the scriptures of the Old Testament according to Baylor University professor of religion, John A. Wood. [4] Millard C. Lind explains the theology of warfare in ancient Israel as God directing the people of Israel to ...
Glen Harold Stassen (February 29, 1936 – April 26, 2014) was an American ethicist and Baptist theologian.He was known for his work on theological ethics, political philosophy, and social justice and for developing [1] the Just Peacemaking Theory regarding the comparative ethics of war and peace. [2]
The motif is rooted in Psalm 85:10, 'Mercy and Truth are met together; righteousness and peace have kissed each other'. The use in Christian thought seems to have been inspired an eleventh-century Jewish Midrash, in which Truth, Justice, Mercy and Peace were the four standards of the Throne of God. [3] [1]: 290
The Bible contains several texts which encourage, command, condemn, reward, punish, regulate and describe acts of violence. [10] [11]Leigh Gibson [who?] and Shelly Matthews, associate professor of religion at Furman University, [12] write that some scholars, such as René Girard, "lift up the New Testament as somehow containing the antidote for Old Testament violence".
Warfare represents a special category of biblical violence and is a topic the Bible addresses, directly and indirectly, in four ways: there are verses that support pacifism, and verses that support non-resistance; 4th century theologian Augustine found the basis of just war in the Bible, and preventive war which is sometimes called crusade has also been supported using Bible texts.
Biblical criticism, in particular higher criticism, covers a variety of methods which have been used since the Enlightenment in the early 18th century as scholars began to apply the same methods and perspectives which had already been applied to other literary and philosophical texts to biblical documents. [9]
A 2017 study found that the just war tradition can be traced as far back as to Ancient Egypt. [9] Egyptian ethics of war usually centered on three main ideas, these including the cosmological role of Egypt, the pharaoh as a divine office and executor of the will of the gods, and the superiority of the Egyptian state and population over all other states and peoples.
Ethics in the Bible refers to the system(s) or theory(ies) produced by the study, interpretation, and evaluation of biblical morals (including the moral code, standards, principles, behaviors, conscience, values, rules of conduct, or beliefs concerned with good and evil and right and wrong), that are found in the Hebrew and Christian Bibles.