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Reactions of barium hydroxide with ammonium salts are strongly endothermic. The reaction of barium hydroxide octahydrate with ammonium chloride [18] [19] or [20] ammonium thiocyanate [20] [21] is often used as a classroom chemistry demonstration, producing temperatures cold enough to freeze water and enough water to dissolve the resulting mixture.
Ammonium chloride is an inorganic chemical compound with the chemical formula N H 4 Cl, ... such as its reaction with barium hydroxide and its dissolving in water.
The following chart shows the solubility of various ionic compounds in water at 1 atm pressure and room temperature (approx. 25 °C, 298.15 K). "Soluble" means the ionic compound doesn't precipitate, while "slightly soluble" and "insoluble" mean that a solid will precipitate; "slightly soluble" compounds like calcium sulfate may require heat to precipitate.
Substance Formula 0 °C 10 °C 20 °C 30 °C 40 °C 50 °C 60 °C 70 °C 80 °C 90 °C 100 °C Barium acetate: Ba(C 2 H 3 O 2) 2: 58.8: 62: 72: 75: 78.5: 77: 75
Ammonium hydroxide – [NH 4]OH [49] Ammonium nitrate – ... Barium chloride – BaCl 2; Beryllium chloride – BeCl 2; Bismuth(III) chloride – BiCl 3; Boron ...
The formation of barium thiocyanate from ammonium thiocyanate and barium hydroxide is so endothermic that it can freeze a beaker to wet styrofoam. Due to bonds breaking and forming during various processes (changes in state, chemical reactions), there is usually a change in energy.
Ammonia fumes from aqueous ammonium hydroxide (in test tube) reacting with hydrochloric acid (in beaker) to produce ammonium chloride (white smoke). Bases react with acids to neutralize each other at a fast rate both in water and in alcohol. [7] When dissolved in water, the strong base sodium hydroxide ionizes into hydroxide and sodium ions:
Caustic potash/caustic wood alkali – potassium hydroxide, formed by adding lime to potash. Caustic Soda/caustic marine alkali – sodium hydroxide, NaOH, formed by adding lime to natron. Caustic volatile alkali – ammonium hydroxide. Corrosive sublimate – mercuric chloride, formed by subliming mercury, calcined green vitriol, common salt ...