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Chicano represents a cultural identity that is neither fully "American" or "Mexican." Chicano culture embodies the "in-between" nature of cultural hybridity. [101] Central aspects of Chicano culture include lowriding, hip hop, rock, graffiti art, theater, muralism, visual art, literature, poetry, and more. Mexican American celebrities, artists ...
Chicano English, or Mexican-American English, is a dialect of American English spoken primarily by Mexican Americans (sometimes known as Chicanos), particularly in the Southwestern United States ranging from Texas to California, [1] [2] as well as in Chicago. [3]
The Chicano Moratorium, formally known as the National Chicano Moratorium Committee, was a movement of Chicano anti-war activists that built a broad-based but fragile coalition of Mexican-American groups to organize opposition to the Vietnam War.
Before this, Chicano/a had been a term of derision, adopted by some Pachucos as an expression of defiance to Anglo-American society. [14] With the rise of Chicanismo, Chicano/a became a reclaimed term in the 1960s and 1970s, used to express political autonomy, ethnic and cultural solidarity, and pride in being of Indigenous descent, diverging from the assimilationist Mexican-American identity.
Jaime Manuel Gómez – Mexican-American professional boxer in the Light Middleweight division; Delia Gonzalez – flyweight female boxer [24] Jesús González – amateur champion and Super middleweight contender; Paul Gonzales – flyweight Olympic gold medalist; Rodolfo Gonzales – boxer, poet, and leader of the Chicano civil rights movement
The Chicano movement of the 1960s, also known as El Movimiento, was a movement based on Mexican-American empowerment. [11] It was based in ideas of community organization, nationalism in the form of cultural affirmation, and it also placed symbolic importance on ancestral ties to Meso-America.
[8] [10] For that reason, Chicano studies was created to combat traditional education that excludes Mexican-American history and furthers harmful stereotypes about Mexican Americans. [ 7 ] [ 11 ] Furthermore, Chicano studies was created to ensure Chicano students have access to Chicano education that is taught by Chicanos. [ 3 ]
[2] [9] The term has sometimes been used to encompass all related identifiers of Latino/a, Latin@, Latinx, Chicano/a, Chican@, Latin American, or Hispanic, [3] and to replace what have been called colonizing and assimilationist terms, like Latino/a, Mexican American, Mestizo, and Hispanic. [10]