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Laser cutting for metals has the advantage over plasma cutting of being more precise [11] and using less energy when cutting sheet metal; however, most industrial lasers cannot cut through the greater metal thickness that plasma can. Newer laser machines operating at higher power (6000 watts, as contrasted with early laser cutting machines ...
Cutting torches can cut large sections of steel with little effort. Burn tables are CNC (computer-operated) cutting torches, usually powered by natural gas. Plasma and laser cutting tables, and water jet cutters, are also common. Plate steel is loaded on the table and the parts are cut out as programmed.
Every method has its limitations in accuracy, cost, and effect on the material. For example, heat may damage the quality of heat treated alloys, and laser cutting is less suitable for highly reflective materials such as aluminum. [2] Laser cutting sheet metal produces flat parts and etches and engraves parts from complex or simple designs.
The term abrasive jet refers specifically to the use of a mixture of water and an abrasive to cut hard materials such as metal, stone or glass, while the terms pure waterjet and water-only cutting refer to waterjet cutting without the use of added abrasives, often used for softer materials such as wood or rubber.
where t is the depth of cut, P is the laser beam power, v is the cutting velocity, and d is the laser beam spot diameter. [5] The depth of the cut is also influenced by the workpiece material. The material's reflectivity, density, specific heat, and melting point temperature all contribute to the lasers ability to cut the workpiece.
Waterjet cutting is the preferred machining method when the materials being cut are sensitive to the high temperatures generated by other methods. It has found applications in a diverse number of industries from mining to aerospace where it is used for operations such as cutting , shaping, carving , and reaming .
The metal is heated and burnt by the laser beam, cutting the metal sheet. [20] The quality of the edge can be mirror smooth and a precision of around 0.1 mm (0.0039 in) can be obtained. Cutting speeds on thin 1.2 mm (0.047 in) sheet can be as high as 25 m (82 ft) per minute.
Laser marking on stainless steel A laser engraving machine A laser engraver. A laser engraving machine consists of three main parts: a laser, a controller, and a surface. [2] The laser is a drawing tool: the beam emitted from it allows the controller to trace patterns onto the surface.
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