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  2. Motor system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_system

    The pyramidal motor system, also called the pyramidal tract or the corticospinal tract, start in the motor center of the cerebral cortex. [4] There are upper and lower motor neurons in the corticospinal tract. The motor impulses originate in the giant pyramidal cells or Betz cells of the motor area; i.e., precentral gyrus of cerebral cortex ...

  3. Motor cortex - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_cortex

    The motor neuron sends an electrical impulse to a muscle. When the neuron in the cortex becomes active, it causes a muscle contraction. The greater the activity in the motor cortex, the stronger the muscle force. Each point in the motor cortex controls a muscle or a small group of related muscles. This description is only partly correct.

  4. Motor program - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_program

    Based on an estimate of the current context, a controller is chosen to generate the appropriate motor command. This modular system can be used to describe both motor control and motor learning and requires adaptable internal forward and inverse models. Forward models describe the forward or causal relationship between system inputs, predicting ...

  5. Motor cognition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_cognition

    A related study showed that motor experts use similar processes for the mental rotation of body parts and polygons, whereas non-experts treated these stimuli differently. [26] These results were not due to underlying confounds, as demonstrated by a training study that showed mental rotation improvements after a one-year motor training, compared ...

  6. Primary motor cortex - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary_motor_cortex

    There is a broad representation of the different body parts in the primary motor cortex in an arrangement called a motor homunculus (Latin: little person). [7] The leg area is located close to the midline, in interior sections of the motor area folding into the medial longitudinal fissure .

  7. Sensory-motor coupling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensory-motor_coupling

    Additionally, outputs from the motor system can be used to modify the sensory system's response to future stimuli. [1] [2] To be useful it is necessary that sensory-motor integration be a flexible process because the properties of the world and ourselves change over time. Flexible sensorimotor integration would allow an animal the ability to ...

  8. Motor control - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_control

    An important issue for coordinating the motor system is the problem of the redundancy of motor degrees of freedom. As detailed in the " Synergies " section, many actions and movements can be executed in multiple ways because functional synergies controlling those actions are able to co-vary without changing the outcome of the action.

  9. Central pattern generator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_pattern_generator

    Central pattern generators (CPGs) are self-organizing biological neural circuits [1] [2] that produce rhythmic outputs in the absence of rhythmic input. [3] [4] [5] They are the source of the tightly-coupled patterns of neural activity that drive rhythmic and stereotyped motor behaviors like walking, swimming, breathing, or chewing.