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Self-organization, also called spontaneous order in the social sciences, is a process where some form of overall order arises from local interactions between parts of an initially disordered system. The process can be spontaneous when sufficient energy is available, not needing control by any external agent.
Organizational space, sometimes called organizational architecture, describes the influence of the spatial environment on the health, the mind, and the behavior of humans in and around organizations. [1] It is an area of scientific research in which interdisciplinarity is a central perspective.
Organizational patterns are inspired in large part by the principles of the software pattern community, that in turn takes it cues from Christopher Alexander's work on patterns of the built world. [ 1 ] Organizational patterns also have roots in Kroeber 's classic anthropological texts on the patterns that underlie culture and society.
Organizational structure allows the expressed allocation of responsibilities for different functions and processes to different entities such as the branch, department, workgroup, and individual. [4] Organizations need to be efficient, flexible, innovative and caring in order to achieve a sustainable competitive advantage. [5]
Friedland and Alford (1991) wrote: "Institutions are supraorganizational patterns of human activity by which individuals and organizations produce and reproduce their material subsistence and organize time and space. They are also symbolic systems, ways of ordering reality, and thereby rendering experience of time and space meaningful". [3]
Economic trends and patterns which emerge are studied intensively by economists. [31] Within the field of group facilitation and organization development, there have been a number of new group processes that are designed to maximize emergence and self-organization, by offering a minimal set of effective initial conditions.
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The cybernetician Heinz von Foerster formulated the principle of "order from noise" in 1960. [3] [4] It notes that self-organization is facilitated by random perturbations ("noise") that let the system explore a variety of states in its state space. This increases the chance that the system will arrive into the basin of a "strong" or "deep ...