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  2. Antoine Lavoisier - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Lavoisier

    Antoine-Laurent de Lavoisier (/ l ə ˈ v w ɑː z i eɪ / lə-VWAH-zee-ay; [1] [2] [3] French: [ɑ̃twan lɔʁɑ̃ də lavwazje]; 26 August 1743 – 8 May 1794), [4] also Antoine Lavoisier after the French Revolution, was a French nobleman and chemist who was central to the 18th-century chemical revolution and who had a large influence on both the history of chemistry and the history of biology.

  3. Traité Élémentaire de Chimie - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traité_Élémentaire_de...

    Traité élémentaire de chimie [1] is a textbook written by Antoine Lavoisier published in 1789 and translated into English by Robert Kerr in 1790 under the title Elements of Chemistry in a New Systematic Order containing All the Modern Discoveries. [2] It is considered to be the first modern chemical textbook. [3]

  4. Timeline of chemistry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_chemistry

    An image from John Dalton's A New System of Chemical Philosophy, the first modern explanation of atomic theory.. This timeline of chemistry lists important works, discoveries, ideas, inventions, and experiments that significantly changed humanity's understanding of the modern science known as chemistry, defined as the scientific study of the composition of matter and of its interactions.

  5. History of chemistry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_chemistry

    Chlorine was discovered in 1774 by Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele, who called it "dephlogisticated marine acid" (see phlogiston theory) and mistakenly thought it contained oxygen. Scheele observed several properties of chlorine gas, such as its bleaching effect on litmus, its deadly effect on insects, its yellow-green colour, and the ...

  6. Louis Nicolas Vauquelin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Nicolas_Vauquelin

    Vauquelin was born at Saint-André-d'Hébertot in Normandy, France, the son of Nicolas Vauquelin, an estate manager, and his wife, Catherine Le Charterier. [1]His first acquaintance with chemistry was gained as laboratory assistant to an apothecary in Rouen (1777–1779), and after various vicissitudes he obtained an introduction to A. F. Fourcroy, in whose laboratory he was an assistant from ...

  7. Joseph Proust - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Proust

    Joseph-Louis Proust was born on 26 September 1754 in Angers, France. His father served as an apothecary in Angers. Joseph studied chemistry in his father's shop and later went to Paris where he gained the appointment of apothecary in chief to the Salpêtrière. [2] He also taught chemistry with Pilâtre de Rozier, a famous aeronaut. [2]

  8. Chemical revolution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_revolution

    Lavoisier clearly ties his ideas in with those of Condillac, seeking to reform the field of chemistry. His goal in Traité was to associate the field with direct experience and observation, rather than assumption. His work defined a new foundation for the basis of chemical ideas and set a direction for the future course of chemistry. [18]

  9. Georges Urbain - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georges_Urbain

    Georges Urbain (12 April 1872 – 5 November 1938) was a French chemist, a professor of the Sorbonne, a member of the Institut de France, and director of the Institute of Chemistry in Paris. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Much of his work focused on the rare earths , isolating and separating elements such as europium and gadolinium , and studying their spectra ...