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Government poster against the Kapp Putsch, 13 March 1920. [a]After Germany had lost World War I (1914–1918), the German Revolution of 1918–1919 ended the monarchy. The German Empire was abolished and a democratic system, the Weimar Republic, was established in 1919 by the Weimar National Assembly.
After the failure of the Kapp-Lüttwitz Putsch on 17 March 1920, union and left-wing leaders such as Carl Legien, Arthur Crispien and Rudolf Hilferding put pressure on the government that had just returned to Berlin after having fled first to Dresden and then to Stuttgart. On 22 March the unions ended their general strike, which had been ...
13–17 March: The Kapp Putsch, an attempt by a group of right-wing extremists to take power in Berlin, forces the government to flee the city but then quickly fails. [ 38 ] 13 March–12 April: An uprising of workers in the Ruhr industrial district leads to battles with Freikorps and regular troops in a failed attempt to set up a council republic.
Wolfgang Kapp, the leader of the Putsch The failed right-wing Kapp Putsch takes place against the German government. The German military remains passive and the putsch is defeated by a general strike. The German Ruhr Uprising, spurred by the general strike against the Kapp Putsch, is crushed by the German military. June 4
The previous government, led by Gustav Bauer, also SPD, had become untenable and finally resigned on 26 March 1920 as a result of the Kapp-Lüttwitz Putsch. In the wake of the putsch's collapse, caused not least by a national general strike, the Free Trade Unions drew up an eight-point agenda as conditions for ending the strike. They demanded ...
From 1920 to 1923, both nationalist and left-wing forces continued fighting against the Weimar Republic. In March 1920, a coup organized by Wolfgang Kapp (the Kapp Putsch) attempted to overthrow the government, but the venture collapsed within a few days under the effects of a general strike and the refusal of government employees to obey Kapp ...
13 to 17 March: Kapp Putsch; 31 March: Adolf Hitler mustered out of the army. [14] April: Government stops paying Freikorps units. 3 April: 21 different Freikorps units, under the command of General Baron Oskar von Watter, end the Ruhr Uprising in five days; thousands killed, including summary execution of prisoners by Freikorps.
Business Plot (also called the Wall Street Putsch or the White House Putsch) in the United States: Retired Marine Corps Major General Smedley Butler asserted that wealthy businessmen were plotting to create a fascist veterans' organization with Butler as its leader and use it in a coup d'état to overthrow Roosevelt. While historians have ...