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The Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is regarded as the best overall measure of the kidney's ability to carry out these numerous functions. An estimate of the GFR is used clinically to determine the degree of kidney impairment and to track the progression of the disease. The GFR, however, does not reveal the source of the kidney disease.
The normal range of GFR, adjusted for body surface area, is 100–130 average 125 mL/min/1.73m 2 in men and 90–120 ml/min/1.73m 2 in women younger than the age of 40. In children, GFR measured by inulin clearance is 110 mL/min/1.73 m 2 until 2 years of age in both sexes, and then it progressively decreases. After age 40, GFR decreases ...
Diagram showing the basic physiologic mechanisms of the kidney. The kidney's ability to perform many of its functions depends on the three fundamental functions of filtration, reabsorption, and secretion, whose sum is called renal clearance or renal excretion.
Para-aminohippurate (PAH) clearance is a method used in renal physiology to measure renal plasma flow, which is a measure of renal function. [citation needed]PAH is completely removed from blood that passes through the kidneys (PAH undergoes both glomerular filtration and tubular secretion), and therefore the rate at which the kidneys can clear PAH from the blood reflects total renal plasma flow.
In renal physiology, the filtration fraction is the ratio of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) over the renal plasma flow (RPF). Filtration Fraction, FF = GFR/RPF, or =. The filtration fraction, therefore, represents the proportion of the fluid reaching the kidneys that passes into the renal tubules. It is normally about 20%.
The GFR is derived from the serum creatinine and is proportional to 1/creatinine, i.e. it is a reciprocal relationship; the higher the creatinine, the lower the GFR. It reflects one aspect of kidney function, how efficiently the glomeruli – the filtering units – work. The normal GFR is 90–120 ml/min.
A male humpback has completed the longest recorded migration for a whale from South America to Africa. Scientists explain why this journey is so unusual.
Typically, in an adult human, the net filtration pressure is 10mmHg and Kf 12.5mL/min/mmHg, giving a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of 125mL/min. A decrease in Kf due to reduced number of glomeruli or reduced permeability will reduce the GFR at a given filtration pressure [ 3 ]
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