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Achlorhydria and hypochlorhydria refer to states where the production of hydrochloric acid in gastric secretions of the stomach and other digestive organs is absent or low, respectively. [1] It is associated with various other medical problems.
The Heidelberg test is a medical diagnostic test used in the diagnosis of hypochlorhydria, i.e. insufficient hydrochloric acid in the stomach, hyperchlorhydria, achlorhydria, and for suspected bile reflux.
Gastric acid or stomach acid is the acidic component – hydrochloric acid of gastric juice, produced by parietal cells in the gastric glands of the stomach lining. With a pH of between one and three, gastric acid plays a key role in the digestion of proteins by activating digestive enzymes , which together break down the long chains of amino ...
Gastric acidifiers, these are the drugs which are used to restore temporarily the acidity of stomach in patient suffering from hypochlorhydria; Urinary acidifiers, used to control pH in urine; Systemic acidifiers, used to control pH in the overall body; Acids, mostly used in laboratory experiments; Acidifier performance in distal stomach is ...
Hyperchlorhydria, sometimes called chlorhydria, sour stomach or acid stomach, [1] [2] refers to the state in the stomach where gastric acid levels are higher than the reference range. The combining forms of the name ( chlor- + hydr- ), referring to chlorine and hydrogen , are the same as those in the name of hydrochloric acid , which is the ...
Atrophic gastritis is a process of chronic inflammation of the gastric mucosa of the stomach, leading to a loss of gastric glandular cells and their eventual replacement by intestinal and fibrous tissues.
Stomach diseases include gastritis, gastroparesis, Crohn's disease and various cancers. [1]The stomach is an important organ in the body. It plays a vital role in digestion of foods, releases various enzymes and also protects the lower intestine from harmful organisms.
Gastrin is a linear peptide hormone produced by G cells of the duodenum and in the pyloric antrum of the stomach.It is secreted into the bloodstream. The encoded polypeptide is preprogastrin, which is cleaved by enzymes in posttranslational modification to produce progastrin (an intermediate, inactive precursor) and then gastrin in various forms, primarily the following three: