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Amine. In chemistry, amines (/ ə ˈ m iː n, ˈ æ m iː n /, [1] [2] UK also / ˈ eɪ m iː n / [3]) are compounds and functional groups that contain a basic nitrogen atom with a lone pair.Formally, amines are derivatives of ammonia (NH 3), wherein one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced by a substituent such as an alkyl or aryl group [4] (these may respectively be called alkylamines ...
Quaternary ammonium compounds are prepared by the alkylation of tertiary amine. Industrial production of commodity quat salts usually involves hydrogenation of fatty nitriles, which can generate primary or secondary amines. These amines are then treated with methyl chloride. [4] The quaternization of alkyl amines by alkyl halides is widely ...
Fatty amines are commonly prepared from fatty acids; which are themselves obtained from natural sources, typically seed-oils.The overall reaction is sometimes referred to as the Nitrile Process [3] and begins with a reaction between the fatty acid and ammonia at high temperature (>250 °C) and in the presence of a metal oxide catalyst (e.g., alumina or zinc oxide) to give the fatty nitrile.
Tetraethylammonium salts (9 P) Tetramethylammonium salts (7 P) Thiocholine esters (1 C, 1 P) Pages in category "Quaternary ammonium compounds"
Primary, secondary, and tertiary ammonium salts serve the same function but are less lipophilic. They are also used as phase-transfer catalysts and surfactants. An unusual class of organic ammonium salts is derivatives of amine radical cations, [•NR 3] + such as tris(4-bromophenyl)ammoniumyl hexachloroantimonate.
Sample of a hydrochloride salt, triethylammonium chloride. In chemistry, a hydrochloride is an acid salt resulting, or regarded as resulting, from the reaction of hydrochloric acid with an organic base (e.g. an amine). An alternative name is chlorhydrate, which comes from French.
For example, tetraamminedichlorochromium(III) chloride, [Cr(NH 3) 4 Cl 2]Cl, has two forms - the cis isomer is violet, while the trans isomer is green. The trichloride of the hexaammine (hexamminecobalt(III) chloride, [Co(NH 3) 6]Cl 3) exists as only a single isomer. "Reinecke's salt" with the formula [NH 4] + [Cr(NCS) 4 (NH 3) 2] − ·H 2 O ...
2-Aminoalcohols are an important class of organic compounds that are often generated by the reaction of amines with epoxides: C 2 H 4 O + R−NH 2 → RNHC 2 H 4 OH. Simple alkanolamines are used as solvents, synthetic intermediates, and high-boiling bases. [2] Hydrogenation or hydride reduction of amino acids gives the corresponding 2 ...