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This is a considerably simpler and thinner plate-boundary fault than has been observed at other locations, [16] such as the Nankai Trough. The actual slip surface for the 2011 earthquake may not have been recovered, but it is assumed that the structures and physical properties of the core are representative of the entire fault zone.
The boundary between Okhotsk microplate and Pacific plate is a subduction zone, where the Pacific plate subducts beneath the Okhotsk Plate. Many strong megathrust earthquakes occurred here, some of them among the largest on world record, including the Kamchatka earthquakes of 1737 (estimated M9.0~9.3) and 1952 (M9.0).
On March 11, 2011, a magnitude 9.0 earthquake occurred on the subduction interface boundary of the Pacific plate sinking underneath Japan along the Japan Trench. A rupture within the central region of the trench spanning an area of about 450 km (280 mi) long and 150 km (93 mi) wide resulted here. [11]
A seismogram recorded in Massachusetts, United States. The magnitude 9.1 (M w) undersea megathrust earthquake occurred on 11 March 2011 at 14:46 JST (05:46 UTC) in the north-western Pacific Ocean at a relatively shallow depth of 32 km (20 mi), [9] [56] with its epicenter approximately 72 km (45 mi) east of the Oshika Peninsula of Tōhoku, Japan, lasting approximately six minutes.
This plate-boundary segment is located between the rupture zones of the 1833 and 1983 earthquakes and has not experienced a major earthquake during historical times. It has the potential to produce a magnitude 7.5 earthquake, probably by the end of the 21st century.
Scientists recorded a slow-slip event in 2011 before the magnitude-9 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami in Japan, which killed more than 18,000 people and touched off the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
In the Himalayan region, where the Indian plate subducts under the Eurasian plate, the largest recorded earthquake was the 1950 Assam–Tibet earthquake, at magnitude 8.7. It is estimated that earthquakes with magnitude 9.0 or larger are expected to occur at an interval of every 800 years, with the highest boundary being a magnitude 10, though ...
To the east of the epicentre, the oceanic Pacific plate is subducted beneath the continental Okhotsk microplate, on which much of Honshu's Tōhoku region is situated. Building stress near the resultant plate boundary has led to the development of shallow inland faults through crustal deformation and folding along the east coast of Tōhoku.