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T RM cells develop from circulating effector memory T cell precursors in response to antigen. The main role in formation of T RM cells has CD103 and expression of this integrin is dependent on the cytokine TGF-β. CD8 + effector T cells that lack TGF-β fail to upregulate CD103, and subsequently do not differentiate into T RM cells.
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Subsequently, the primed cells will differentiate either into effector cells or into memory cells that can mount stronger and faster response to second and upcoming immune challenges. [2] T and B cell priming occurs in the secondary lymphoid organs (lymph nodes and spleen). Priming of naïve T cells requires dendritic cell antigen presentation.
Antigen-presenting cells (APCs) of the thymus, namely medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs), dendritic cells (DCs) and B cells are capable to present peptides derived from TRAs to developing T cells (thymus is the major origin of T cell development [3]) and hereby test, whether their T cell receptors (TCRs) engage self entities and ...
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The premature expression of BLIMP-1 in primary B cells results in cell death, so only cells that are ready to initiate transcription driven by BLIMP-1 are able to survive and differentiate. [ 5 ] [ 13 ] However, without BLIMP-1, proliferating B cells are unable to differentiate to plasma cells, resulting in severe reduction in production of all ...