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Another flu pandemic occurred in 1781–1782, starting in China in autumn. [68] From this pandemic, influenza became associated with sudden outbreaks of febrile illness. [77] The next flu pandemic was from 1830 to 1833, beginning in China in winter. This pandemic had a high attack rate, but the mortality rate was low. [34] [68]
During the worldwide Spanish flu pandemic of 1918, "Pharmacists tried everything they knew, everything they had ever heard of, from the ancient art of bleeding patients, to administering oxygen, to developing new vaccines and serums (chiefly against what we call Hemophilus influenzae – a name derived from the fact that it was originally considered the etiological agent – and several types ...
Polyvalent influenza vaccine is a type of influenza vaccine that provides immunity against more than one type of antigen. [1] In the second week after receiving the flu shot, the body's immune system is triggered by the antigens so the body starts producing antibodies.
Flu season is an annually recurring time period characterized by the prevalence of an outbreak of influenza (flu). The season occurs during the cold half of the year in each hemisphere . It takes approximately two days to show symptoms.
Innate immune defenses are non-specific, meaning these systems respond to pathogens in a generic way. [19] This system does not confer long-lasting immunity against a pathogen. The innate immune system is the dominant system of host defense in most organisms, [ 2 ] and the only one in plants.
Influenza-like illness (ILI), also known as flu-like syndrome or flu-like symptoms, is a medical diagnosis of possible influenza or other illness causing a set of common symptoms. These include fever, shivering , chills , malaise , dry cough , loss of appetite , body aches, nausea , and sneezing typically in connection with a sudden onset of ...
Treatments for influenza include a range of medications and therapies that are used in response to disease influenza.Treatments may either directly target the influenza virus itself; or instead they may just offer relief to symptoms of the disease, while the body's own immune system works to recover from infection.
A 2021 study found the common flu vaccine provided immunity to the flu in 58% of recipients. [6] The measles vaccine fails to provide immunity to 2% of children that receive the vaccine. However, if herd immunity exists, it typically prevents individuals who are ineffectively vaccinated from contracting the disease. [ 7 ]