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Polynomial interpolation can estimate local maxima and minima that are outside the range of the samples, unlike linear interpolation. For example, the interpolant above has a local maximum at x ≈ 1.566, f(x) ≈ 1.003 and a local minimum at x ≈ 4.708, f(x) ≈ −1.003.
Other extensions of linear interpolation can be applied to other kinds of mesh such as triangular and tetrahedral meshes, including Bézier surfaces. These may be defined as indeed higher-dimensional piecewise linear functions (see second figure below). Example of bilinear interpolation on the unit square with the z values 0, 1, 1, and 0.5 as ...
An example of Richardson extrapolation method in two dimensions. In numerical analysis , Richardson extrapolation is a sequence acceleration method used to improve the rate of convergence of a sequence of estimates of some value A ∗ = lim h → 0 A ( h ) {\displaystyle A^{\ast }=\lim _{h\to 0}A(h)} .
It is similar to interpolation, which produces estimates between known observations, but extrapolation is subject to greater uncertainty and a higher risk of producing meaningless results. Extrapolation may also mean extension of a method , assuming similar methods will be applicable.
Examples of algorithms for this task include New Edge-Directed Interpolation (NEDI), [1] [2] Edge-Guided Image Interpolation (EGGI), [3] Iterative Curvature-Based Interpolation (ICBI), [citation needed] and Directional Cubic Convolution Interpolation (DCCI). [4] A study found that DCCI had the best scores in PSNR and SSIM on a series of test ...
Natural neighbor interpolation with Sibson weights. The area of the green circles are the interpolating weights, w i.The purple-shaded region is the new Voronoi cell, after inserting the point to be interpolated (black dot).
Polynomial interpolation also forms the basis for algorithms in numerical quadrature (Simpson's rule) and numerical ordinary differential equations (multigrid methods). In computer graphics, polynomials can be used to approximate complicated plane curves given a few specified points, for example the shapes of letters in typography.
The key points, placed by the artist, are used by the computer algorithm to form a smooth curve either through, or near these points. For a typical example of 2-D interpolation through key points see cardinal spline. For examples which go near key points see nonuniform rational B-spline, or Bézier curve. This is extended to the forming of ...