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2. Gemstone - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemstone

   Whether a gemstone is a natural stone or synthetic, the chemical, physical, and optical characteristics are the same: They are composed of the same mineral and are colored by the same trace materials, have the same hardness and density and strength, and show the same color spectrum, refractive index, and birefringence (if any). Lab-created ...

3. List of gemstones by species - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_gemstones_by_species

   Eilat stone; Epidosite; Glimmerite; Goldstone (glittering glass) Hawk's eye; Helenite (artificial glass made from volcanic ash) Iddingsite; Kimberlite; Lamproite; Lapis lazuli; Libyan desert glass; Llanite; Maw sit sit; Moldavite; Obsidian; Apache tears; Pallasite; Peridotite (also known as olivinite) Siilinjärvi carbonatite; Soapstone (also ...

4. Agate - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agate

   Agate (/ ˈ æ ɡ ɪ t / AG-it) is a variety of chalcedony, [1] which comes in a wide variety of colors. Agates are primarily formed within volcanic and metamorphic rocks.The ornamental use of agate was common in ancient Greece, in assorted jewelry and in the seal stones of Greek warriors, [2] while bead necklaces with pierced and polished agate date back to the 3rd millennium BCE in the Indus ...

5. Amber - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amber

   Pendants made of amber. The oval pendant is 52 by 32 mm (2 by 1 + 1 ⁄ 4 in). Amber necklace from 2000 to 1000 BCE. Amber has been used as jewelry since the Stone Age, from 13,000 years ago. [1] Amber ornaments have been found in Mycenaean tombs and elsewhere across Europe. [69]

6. List of decorative stones - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_decorative_stones

   Natural stone is used as architectural stone (construction, flooring, cladding, counter tops, curbing, etc.) and as raw block and monument stone for the funerary trade. Natural stone is also used in custom stone engraving. The engraved stone can be either decorative or functional. Natural memorial stones are used as natural burial markers.

7. Amethyst - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amethyst

   Amethyst is a violet variety of quartz.The name comes from the Koine Greek αμέθυστος amethystos from α-a-, "not" and μεθύσκω (Ancient Greek) methysko / μεθώ metho (Modern Greek), "intoxicate", a reference to the belief that the stone protected its owner from drunkenness. [1]