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1-Chlorobutane is an alkyl halide with the chemical formula CH 3 (CH 2) 3 Cl. It is a colorless, flammable liquid. Preparation and reactions.
1,4-butane sultone is a six-membered δ-sultone and the cyclic ester of 4-hydroxybutanesulfonic acid.As a sulfo-alkylating agent, 1,4-butanesultone is used to introduce the sulfobutyl group (–(CH 2) 4 –SO 3 −) into hydrophobic compounds possessing nucleophilic functional groups, for example hydroxy groups (as in the case of β-cyclodextrin [1]) or amino groups (as in the case of ...
Alkyl sulfates if ingested are well-absorbed and are metabolized into a C 3, C 4 or C 5 sulfate and an additional metabolite. The highest irritant of the alkyl sulfates is sodium laurylsulfate, with the threshold before irritation at a concentration of 20%. Surfactants in consumer products are typically mixed, reducing likelihood of irritation.
Bromoform was discovered in 1832 by Löwig who distilled a mixture of bromal and potassium hydroxide, as analogous to preparation of chloroform from chloral. [5]Bromoform can be prepared by the haloform reaction using acetone and sodium hypobromite, by the electrolysis of potassium bromide in ethanol, or by treating chloroform with aluminium bromide.
Butyl iodide (1-iodobutane) ... 1-Chlorobutane; 1-Fluorobutane; References This page was last edited on 7 August 2024, at 12:19 (UTC). Text is available under ...
The relative rates at which different halogens react vary considerably: [citation needed] fluorine (108) > chlorine (1) > bromine (7 × 10 −11) > iodine (2 × 10 −22).. Radical fluorination with the pure element is difficult to control and highly exothermic; care must be taken to prevent an explosion or a runaway reaction.
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This page contains tables of azeotrope data for various binary and ternary mixtures of solvents. The data include the composition of a mixture by weight (in binary azeotropes, when only one fraction is given, it is the fraction of the second component), the boiling point (b.p.) of a component, the boiling point of a mixture, and the specific gravity of the mixture.