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Both the fallacy of division and the fallacy of composition were addressed by Aristotle in Sophistical Refutations.. In the philosophy of the ancient Greek Anaxagoras, as claimed by the Roman atomist Lucretius, [6] it was assumed that the atoms constituting a substance must themselves have the salient observed properties of that substance: so atoms of water would be wet, atoms of iron would be ...
Diairesis (Ancient Greek: διαίρεσις, romanized: diaíresis, "division") is a form of classification used in ancient (especially Platonic) logic that serves to systematize concepts and come to definitions. When defining a concept using diairesis, one starts with a broad concept, then divides this into two or more specific sub-concepts ...
The Twin Earth thought experiment was one of three examples that Putnam offered in support of semantic externalism, the other two being what he called the Aluminum-Molybdenum case and the Beech-Elm case. Since the publication of these cases, numerous variations on the thought experiment have been proposed by philosophers.
Methods of philosophy are procedures for conducting research, creating new theories, and selecting between competing theories. In addition to the description of methods, philosophical methodology also compares and evaluates them. Philosophers have employed a great variety of methods.
The Questions each argue for a single thesis and defend it against objections. The division is as follows: [12] 1. IN GENERAL. Q. 90: Of the Essence of Law (the rationality, end, cause, and promulgation of law) Q. 91: Of the Various Kinds of Law (eternal, natural, human, divine, sin laws) Q. 92: Of the Effects of Law. 2. IN PARTICULAR. Q. 93 ...
Philosophy of logic is the area of philosophy that studies the nature of logic. [1] [2] Like many other disciplines, logic involves various philosophical presuppositions which are addressed by the philosophy of logic. [3]
Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy articles "Epistemology". Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. "Coherentism". Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. "Contextualism in Epistemology". Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. "Epistemic Circularity". Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. "Epistemic Justification". Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
Philosophy is the study of general and fundamental problems concerning matters such as existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language. [1] [2] It is distinguished from other ways of addressing fundamental questions (such as mysticism, myth) by being critical and generally systematic and by its reliance on rational argument. [3]