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The American bison (Bison bison; pl.: bison), commonly known as the American buffalo, or simply buffalo (not to be confused with true buffalo), is a species of bison that is endemic (or native) to North America.
American bison occupy less than one percent of their historical range with fewer than 20,000 bison in conservation herds on public, tribal or private protected lands. The roughly 500,000 animals that are raised for commercial purposes are not included unless the entity is engaged in conservation efforts.
A bison (pl.: bison) is a large bovine in the genus Bison (Greek: "wild ox" (bison) [1]) within the tribe Bovini.Two extant and numerous extinct species are recognised.. Of the two surviving species, the American bison, B. bison, found only in North America, is the more numerous.
The last known free-roaming population of bison consisted of fewer than 30 in the area that later became Yellowstone National Park. Although farmers and ranchers considered bison to be a nuisance, some people were concerned about the demise of this "North American icon", so individual landowners and zoos took steps to protect them.
English: Original distribution of plains bison (Bison bison bison) and wood bison (Bison bison athabascae) in North America, based on available zooarchaeological, paleontological, oral and written historical accounts. Holocene bison (Bison occidentalis) is an earlier form at the origin of B. b. bison and B. b. athabascae.
The Yellowstone bison herd was the last free-ranging bison herd in the United States being the only place where bison were not extirpated. [8] The Yellowstone bison herd is descended from a remnant population of 23 individual bison that survived the mass slaughter of the 19th century in the Pelican Valley of Yellowstone Park.
Part of the Wind Cave bison herd (2003) The Wind Cave bison herd is a herd of 250–400 American bison in Wind Cave National Park, South Dakota, United States.As an active participant in the conservation of American bison, it is believed to be one of only seven free-roaming and genetically pure herds on public lands in North America.
The conservation of bison in North America is an ongoing, diverse effort to bring American bison (Bison bison) back from the brink of extinction. Plains bison , a subspecies ( Bison bison bison ), are a keystone species in the North American Great Plains .