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Rubella vaccine is a vaccine used to prevent rubella. [1] Effectiveness begins about two weeks after a single dose and around 95% of people become immune. Countries with high rates of immunization no longer see cases of rubella or congenital rubella syndrome .
The 1962–1965 rubella epidemic was an outbreak of rubella across Europe and the United States. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The Rubella virus, also known as the German measles, is a single-stranded RNA virus from the family Togaviridae and genus Rubivirus . [ 3 ]
Rubella infections are prevented by active immunization programs using live attenuated virus vaccines. Two live attenuated virus vaccines, RA 27/3 and Cendehill strains, were effective in the prevention of adult disease. However, their use in prepubertal females did not produce a significant fall in the overall incidence rate of CRS in the UK.
Rubella virus, scientific name Rubivirus rubellae, is a member of the genus Rubivirus and belongs to the family of Matonaviridae, whose members commonly have a genome of single-stranded RNA of positive polarity which is enclosed by an icosahedral capsid.
Four out of six WHO regions have goals to eliminate rubella, with the WHO recommending using existing measles programmes for vaccination with combined vaccines such as the MMR vaccine. The number of reported cases dropped from 670,000 in the year 2000 to below 15,000 in 2018, and the global coverage of rubella vaccination was estimated at 69% ...
During his time at Wistar, Plotkin worked on several vaccines; chief among them are vaccines for rubella, rabies, rotavirus, and cytomegalovirus (CMV). He developed a vaccine for rubella, based upon the RA 27/3 strain of the virus (also developed by Plotkin using WI-38, a fetal-derived human cell line), which was released to the public in 1969. [9]
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 20 December 2024. Combined vaccine against measles, mumps, and rubella Pharmaceutical compound MMR vaccine MMR vaccine Combination of Measles vaccine Vaccine Mumps vaccine Vaccine Rubella vaccine Vaccine Clinical data Trade names M-M-R II, Priorix, Tresivac, others Other names MPR vaccine AHFS / Drugs ...
1962 – First oral vaccine for polio; 1963 – First vaccine for measles; 1967 – First vaccine for mumps; 1970 – First vaccine for rubella; 1977 – First vaccine for pneumonia (Streptococcus pneumoniae) 1978 – First vaccine for meningitis (Neisseria meningitidis) 1980 – Smallpox declared eradicated worldwide due to vaccination efforts