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An alternative to using HF and H 2 SO 4 as alkylation catalysts is the use of ionic liquid (IL). ILs are liquid salts that have melting points below 100 °C. They exhibit strong acid properties, so they can be used as acid catalysis without using conventional liquid acids. Ionic liquids are salts in liquid state, composed mostly of ions that ...
In chemistry, a salt or ionic compound is a chemical compound consisting of an assembly of positively charged ions and negatively charged ions , [1] which results in a compound with no net electric charge (electrically neutral). The constituent ions are held together by electrostatic forces termed ionic bonds.
Alkylation is a chemical reaction that entails transfer of ... the products being phosphonium salts. ... Ionic liquids are used in place of the older generation of ...
Tetrabutylammonium bromide can be prepared by the alkylation of tributylamine with 1-bromobutane. [2] Tetrabutylammonium bromide is used to prepare other salts of the tetrabutylammonium cation by salt metathesis reactions. [6] It serves as a source of bromide ions for substitution reactions. It is a commonly used phase transfer catalyst.
An ionic liquid (IL) is a salt in the liquid state at ambient conditions. In some contexts, the term has been restricted to salts whose melting point is below a specific temperature, such as 100 °C (212 °F). [ 1 ]
Salt metathesis is often employed to obtain salts that are soluble in organic solvents. Illustrative is the conversion of sodium perrhenate to the tetrabutylammonium salt: [2] NaReO 4 + N(C 4 H 9) 4 Cl → N(C 4 H 9) 4 [ReO 4] + NaCl. The tetrabutylammonium salt precipitates from the aqueous solution. It is soluble in dichloromethane.
Tetramethylammonium chloride is efficiently produced by the reaction of trimethylamine and methyl chloride. [3]N(CH 3) 3 + CH 3 Cl → N(CH 3) 4 + Cl −. It is produced by the alkylation of ammonium chloride with dimethyl carbonate in the presence of an ionic liquid catalyst.
4) are produced by alkylation of organophosphines. [3] For example, the reaction of triphenylphosphine with methyl bromide gives methyltriphenylphosphonium bromide: PPh 3 + CH 3 Br → [CH 3 PPh 3] + Br −. The methyl group in such phosphonium salts is mildly acidic, with a pK a estimated to be near 15: [5] [CH 3 PPh 3] + + base → CH 2 =PPh ...