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Other treatment options for vulvar dermatitis include oral hydroxyzine hydrochloride or topical hydrocortisone. [3] Lichen sclerosus is another common cause of vulvitis in children, and it often affects an hourglass or figure eight-shaped area of skin around the anus and vulva.
Vaginitis, also known as vulvovaginitis, is inflammation of the vagina and vulva. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] Symptoms may include itching, burning, pain, discharge , and a bad smell. [ 1 ] Certain types of vaginitis may result in complications during pregnancy .
About 10-15% of recurrent candidal vulvovaginitis cases are due to non-Candida albicans species. [32] Non-albicans species tend to have higher levels of resistance to fluconazole. [33] Therefore, recurrence or persistence of symptoms while on treatment indicates speciation and antifungal resistance tests to tailor antifungal treatment. [31]
[65] [66] Inflammation as vaginitis, vulvovaginitis and vulvitis can result from this causing irritation and pain. [67] Ingrown hairs resulting from pubic hair shaving can cause folliculitis where the hair follicle becomes infected; or give rise to an inflammatory response known as pseudofolliculitis pubis . [ 68 ]
Treatment is generally with estrogen cream applied to the vagina. [1] The use of estrogen for treatment do come at some risk. Those who are treated with estrogen may be at a higher risk of developing vaginal candidiasis since estrogen allows lactobacilli to increase in levels. [ 27 ]
Vaginismus, which is not the same thing as vaginitis (an inflammation of the vagina), is an involuntary tightening of the vagina due to a conditioned reflex of the muscles in the area during vaginal penetration. [1]
Treatment with antibiotics can lead to a yeast infection and irritation of the vulva. Some diseases increase the possibility of yeast infections, such as diabetes mellitus. Chronic inflammation of the vulva predisposes to the development of premalignant or malignant changes.
Vaginal itching is the most common symptom of candida vulvovaginitis. [28] Women may also experience burning, soreness, irritation, pain during urination, or pain during sex. [30] The diagnosis of Candida vulvovaginitis is made by looking at a sample taken during speculum exam under the microscope that shows hyphae (yeast), or from a culture. [31]