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Raw coke. Coke is a grey, hard, and porous coal-based fuel with a high carbon content. It is made by heating coal or petroleum in the absence of air. Coke is an important industrial product, used mainly in iron ore smelting, but also as a fuel in stoves and forges.
Raw coke Eighteenth-century coke blast furnaces in Shropshire, England. Metallurgical coal or coking coal [1] is a grade of coal that can be used to produce good-quality coke. Coke is an essential fuel and reactant in the blast furnace process for primary steelmaking. [2] [3] [4] The demand for metallurgical coal is highly coupled to the demand ...
In making crucible steel, the blister steel bars were broken into pieces and melted in small crucibles, each containing 20 kg or so. This produced higher quality metal, but increased the cost. The Bessemer process reduced the time needed to make lower-grade steel to about half an hour while requiring only enough coke needed to melt the pig iron.
The calcined petroleum coke is used to make anodes for the aluminium, steel and titanium smelting industry and as the feed stock for the production of synthetic graphite. The green coke must have sufficiently low metal content to be used as anode material. Green coke with this low metal content is called anode-grade coke.
Coke iron was initially only used for foundry work, making pots and other cast iron goods. Foundry work was a minor branch of the industry, but Darby's son built a new furnace at nearby Horsehay, and began to supply the owners of finery forges with coke pig iron for the production of bar iron. Coke pig iron was by this time cheaper to produce ...
PHOTO: In this Feb. 10, 2017, file photo, pallets of Sprite wait to be shipped out as pallets of Diet Coke are moved by a fork lift at a Coco-Cola bottling plant in Salt Lake City, Utah.
Coke is mainly used to produce cast iron in blast furnaces, which remains its main use today. Degassing considerably reduces its sulfur content, enabling the iron and steel industry to produce higher-quality cast iron with lower emissions. Apart from this, coke ash has more or less the same composition as ordinary hard coal. [3]
A problem of coke was that it carried impurities such as sulfur, which degraded the quality of the steel. Although coke quickly became the dominant fuel for iron-smelting, in 1884 charcoal was still used to make ten percent of iron and steel in the US. The use of charcoal for steelmaking survived in the US on a small scale until 1945.