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Re-entry ventricular arrhythmia is a type of paroxysmal tachycardia occurring in the ventricle where the cause of the arrhythmia is due to the electric signal not completing the normal circuit, but rather an alternative circuit looping back upon itself. [1] There develops a self-perpetuating rapid and abnormal activation.
The main symptom of AVNRT is the sudden development of rapid regular palpitations. [1] These palpitations may be associated with a fluttering sensation in the neck, caused by near-simultaneous contraction of the atria and ventricles against a closed tricuspid valve leading to the pressure or atrial contraction being transmitted backwards into the venous system. [2]
Cardiology Atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia ( AVRT ), or atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia , is a type of heart arrhythmia with an abnormally fast rhythm ( tachycardia ); it is classified as a type of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT).
Cardiac stress testing is used to determine to assess cardiac function and to disclose evidence of exertion-related cardiac hypoxia. Radionuclide testing using thallium or technetium can be used to demonstrate areas of perfusion abnormalities. With a maximal stress test the level of exercise is increased until the person's heart rate will not ...
They are generally due to one of two mechanisms: re-entry or increased automaticity. [3] Diagnosis is typically by electrocardiogram (ECG), Holter monitor, or event monitor. [4] Blood tests may be done to rule out specific underlying causes such as hyperthyroidism, pheochromocytomas, or electrolyte abnormalities. [4]
The underlying mechanism typically involves an accessory pathway that results in re-entry. [3] Diagnosis is typically by an electrocardiogram (ECG) which shows narrow QRS complexes and a fast heart rhythm typically between 150 and 240 beats per minute. [3] Vagal maneuvers, such as the Valsalva maneuver, are often used as the initial treatment. [4]
Reentry can produce single ectopic beats, or it can trigger paroxysmal tachycardia. Triggered beats are considered to be due to after-depolarizations triggered by the preceding action potential. These are often seen in patients with ventricular arrhythmias due to digoxin toxicity and reperfusion therapy after myocardial infarction (MI).
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to cardiology, the branch of medicine dealing with disorders of the human heart. [1] The field includes medical diagnosis and treatment of congenital heart defects, coronary artery disease, heart failure, valvular heart disease and electrophysiology.