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A Mars sample-return (MSR) mission is a proposed mission to collect rock and dust samples on Mars and return them to Earth. [1] Such a mission would allow more extensive analysis than that allowed by onboard sensors. [2]
In the summer of 2001, the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) requested mission concepts and proposals from industry-led teams (Boeing, Lockheed Martin, and TRW). [17] The science requirements included at least 500 grams (18 oz) of samples, rover mobility to obtain samples at least 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) from the landing spot, and drilling to obtain one sample from a depth of 2 metres (6 ft 7 in).
At the time, NASA Administrator Bill Nelson said independent reviews estimated the project would cost between $8 billion and $11 billion and that the samples may not return until 2040, which was ...
Later, other sample-return missions failed: Kosmos 300 and Kosmos 305 in 1969, Luna E-8-5 No. 405 in 1970, Luna E-8-5M No. 412 in 1975 had unsuccessful launches, and Luna 18 in 1971 and Luna 23 in 1974 had unsuccessful landings on the Moon. [13] In 1970, the Soviet Union planned for a 1975 first Mars sample-return mission in the Mars 5NM project.
In April, after an independent review found “near zero probability” of Mars Sample Return making its proposed 2028 launch date, NASA put out a request for alternative proposals to all of its ...
The Sample Collection for Investigation of Mars (SCIM) is a mission concept for a Mars air and dust sample return. It was a semi-finalist at the Mars Scout Program along with four other missions in December 2002. [2] [3] The SCIM mission would be designed to skim through the Mars atmosphere without landing or entering orbit. [1]
SCIM was a sample return mission that would have used a free-return trajectory and aerogel to capture Mars dust and return it to Earth [17] (see also: the Stardust mission). MARVEL was an orbiter that would have searched for volcanism as well as analyzed various components of the Mars atmosphere. [17]
InSight detected more than 1,300 quakes on Mars, revealing the planet's inner layers for the first time. But NASA engineers couldn't clear the dust.