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Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy (CSM) is a disorder characterised by the age-related deterioration of the cervical spinal cord. [1] Referred to be a range of different but related terms, a global consensus process selected Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy as the new overarching disease term . [ 2 ]
In cervical spondylosis, a patient may be presented with dull neck pain with neck stiffness in the initial stages of the disease. As the disease progresses, symptoms related to radiculopathy (due to compression of exiting spinal nerve by narrowed intervertebral foramen) or myelopathy (due to compression on the spinal cord) can occur. [2]
On the ipsilateral side of the injury (same side), the body loses motor function, proprioception, and senses of vibration and touch. [30] On the contralateral (opposite side) of the injury, there is a loss of pain and temperature sensations.
Brown-Séquard syndrome (also known as Brown-Séquard's hemiplegia, Brown-Séquard's paralysis, hemiparaplegic syndrome, hemiplegia et hemiparaplegia spinalis, or spinal hemiparaplegia) is caused by damage to one half of the spinal cord, i.e. hemisection of the spinal cord resulting in paralysis and loss of proprioception on the same (or ipsilateral) side as the injury or lesion, and loss of ...
In older patients, CCS most often occurs after acute hyperextension injury in an individual with long-standing cervical spondylosis.A slow, chronic cause in this age group is when the cord gets caught and squeezed between a posterior intervertebral disc herniation against the anterior cord and/or with posterior pressure on the cord from hypertrophy of the ligamentum flavum (Lhermitte's sign ...
Identify the level of the spinal cord where myelopathy is located. This is especially useful in cases where more than two lesions may be responsible for the clinical symptoms and signs, such as in patients with two or more cervical disc hernias [11] Follow-up the progression of myelopathy in time, for example before and after cervical spine surgery
Spurling's test is somewhat specific when used for individuals with an abnormal electromyogram study and is a relatively sensitive physical examination maneuver in diagnosing cervical spondylosis or acute cervical radiculopathy. It is not a very sensitive test when used for individuals without classic radicular signs suggestive of cervical ...
Acute disc herniation, cervical spondylosis, kyphoscoliosis, damage to the spinal column and neoplasia all could result in ischemia from anterior spinal artery occlusion leading to anterior spinal cord syndrome.