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A gradient-index lens with a parabolic variation of refractive index (n) with radial distance (x).The lens focuses light in the same way as a conventional lens. Gradient-index (GRIN) optics is the branch of optics covering optical effects produced by a gradient of the refractive index of a material.
A variation on the Luneburg lens antenna is the hemispherical Luneburg lens antenna or Luneburg reflector antenna. This uses just one hemisphere of a Luneburg lens, with the cut surface of the sphere resting on a reflecting metal ground plane. The arrangement halves the weight of the lens, and the ground plane provides a convenient means of ...
The gradient starts at the wearer's distance prescription at the top of the lens and reaches a maximum addition power, or the full reading addition, at the bottom of the lens. The length of the progressive power gradient on the lens surface depends on the design of the lens, with a final addition power between 0.75 and 3.50 dioptres.
A gradient-index lens with a parabolic variation of refractive index (n) with radial distance (x). The lens focuses light in the same way as a conventional lens. If the refractive index of a medium is not constant but varies gradually with the position, the material is known as a gradient-index (GRIN) medium and is described by gradient index ...
Wearing sunglasses to nightclubs has become common in recent times, where the gradient lens comes in handy. Gradient lenses may also be advantageous for activities such as flying airplanes and driving automobiles, as they allow the operator a clear view of the instrument panel, low in his line of sight and usually hidden in shadow, while still ...
Bifocal lens has two or more, or a graduated, focal lengths ground into the lens. A gradient index lens has flat optical surfaces, but has a radial or axial variation in index of refraction that causes light passing through the lens to be focused. An axicon has a conical optical surface.
One type of optical coating is an anti-reflective coating, which reduces unwanted reflections from surfaces, and is commonly used on spectacle and camera lenses. Another type is the high-reflector coating , which can be used to produce mirrors that reflect greater than 99.99% of the light that falls on them.
A common temperature gradient to encounter is an axial gradient. This involves temperatures changing in a lens as a function of the thickness of the lens, or often along the optical axis. In optical lens design it is standard notation for the optical axis to be co-linear with the Z-axis in cartesian coordinates.
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