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Historically the term was used for a number that was a multiple of 1, [10] [11] or to the whole part of a mixed number. [12] [13] Only positive integers were considered, making the term synonymous with the natural numbers. The definition of integer expanded over time to include negative numbers as their usefulness was recognized. [14]
6 is the 2nd superior highly composite number, [5] the 2nd colossally abundant number, [6] the 3rd triangular number, [7] the 4th highly composite number, [8] a pronic number, [9] a congruent number, [10] a harmonic divisor number, [11] and a semiprime. [12] 6 is also the first Granville number, or -perfect number. A Golomb ruler of length 6 is ...
In number theory, an arithmetic number is an integer for which the average of its positive divisors is also an integer. For instance, 6 is an arithmetic number because the average of its divisors is + + + =, which is also an integer. However, 2 is not an arithmetic number because its only divisors are 1 and 2, and their average 3/2 is not an ...
In number theory, a perfect number is a positive integer that is equal to the sum of its positive proper divisors, that is, divisors excluding the number itself. [1] For instance, 6 has proper divisors 1, 2 and 3, and 1 + 2 + 3 = 6, so 6 is a perfect number. The next perfect number is 28, since 1 + 2 + 4 + 7 + 14 = 28. The first four perfect ...
Among the first were the hypercomplex numbers, which consist of various extensions or modifications of the complex number system. In modern mathematics, number systems are considered important special examples of more general algebraic structures such as rings and fields, and the application of the term "number" is a matter of convention ...
Prime number: A positive integer with exactly two positive divisors: itself and 1. The primes form an infinite sequence 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, ... Composite number: A positive integer that can be factored into a product of smaller positive integers. Every integer greater than one is either prime or composite.
3. Subfactorial: if n is a positive integer, !n is the number of derangements of a set of n elements, and is read as "the subfactorial of n". * Many different uses in mathematics; see Asterisk § Mathematics. | 1. Divisibility: if m and n are two integers, means that m divides n evenly. 2.
An integer is even if it is divisible by 2, and odd if it is not. [1] For example, −4, 0, and 82 are even numbers, while −3, 5, 7, and 21 are odd numbers. The above definition of parity applies only to integer numbers, hence it cannot be applied to numbers like 1/2 or 4.201.